天津河西区实验中学2022-2023学年高一上学期期末英语试题（解析Word版）

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高一英语试卷一、单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)1.—Whataboutthetwoofusgoingdowntown?—________.Ihatespendingtimehangingaround.A.ThatsuitsmefineB.Well,that’sthelastthingIwilldoC.ItdependsontheweatherD.Whynot【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——我们两个去市中心怎么样？——这是我最不愿意做的事了。我讨厌花时间闲逛。A.Thatsuitsmefine那很适合我；B.Well,that’sthelastthingIwilldo这是我最不想做的事情；C.Itdependsontheweather这取决于天气；D.Whynot为什么不呢？根据“Ihatespendingtimehangingaround.”可知，去市中心是我最不想做的事情，因为我讨厌花时间闲逛。故选B。2.Therewasplentyoftime.You________.A.mustn’thurryB.mustn’thavehurriedC.needn’thavehurriedD.needn’thurry【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词用法。句意：有足够的时间。你不必着急。根据上文“Therewasplentyoftime.”可知，表示不必着急，needn’thavedone表示“本来不必”。mustn’t表示禁止，不符合语境。故选C。3.Itisnecessarythatwekeeptheyounggeneration________ofthecurrentaffairs.AbeinginformedB.informingC.toinformD.informed【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们有必要让年轻一代了解时事。分析句子可知，空处缺少keep的宾语theyounggeneration的补足语，宾语和inform构成逻辑上的被动关系，用过去分词作宾补。keepsb.informed为固定短语，意思为：使某人知道。故选D项。4.________helpingmebetterunderstandAmericanculture,thisvisitalsohelpsmegreatlyimprovemyspokenEnglish.A.OntopofB.IncaseofC.ThankstoD.Insteadof【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：除了帮助我更好地了解美国文化之外，这次访问也极大地提高了我的英语口语。A.Ontopof另外；B.Incaseof万一；C.Thanksto由于；D.Insteadof而不是。根据后文“thisvisitalsohelpsmegreatlyimprovemyspokenEnglish.”可知，指除了帮助我更好地了解美国文化之外，这次访问也极大地提高了我的英语口语。故选A。5._____wehavespecifictaskstodo,ourleadermakessurewedon’tlosesightofthebigpicture.第16页/共16页学科网（北京）股份有限公司

1A.UntilB.UnlessC.AlthoughD.Whether【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查状语从句。句意：虽然我们都有特定的任务要做，但我们的领导确保我们不要忘记大局。A.Until直到……为止；B.Unless除非；C.Although尽管；D.Whether不论，是否。根据句意，此处表示“虽然，尽管”，引导让步状语从句。故选C。6.Janehasmadeuphermindto________teachingasherprofessionaftershegraduatesfromcollege.A.cleanupB.takeupC.pickupD.putup【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：简已下定决心大学毕业后从事教学工作。A.cleanup清理；B.takeup开始从事；C.pickup捡起；D.putup张贴。根据“teachingasherprofession”可知，Jane决定大学毕业后从事教学工作。故选B。7.Sofar,largeamountsofmoney________forthosewhosehousesweredamagedbythepowerfultyphoon(台风).A.havebeencollectedB.hasbeencollectedC.wascollectedD.werecollected【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，已经为那些房屋被强台风破坏的人筹集了大量资金。时间状语sofar意为“到目前为止”，通常与现在完成时连用；此处“钱”是被筹集到，所以要用被动语态；largeamountsof修饰不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词使用复数形式，因此答案为“havebeencollected”。故选A项。8.________theweatherwillnotclearupuntilnextweekisbadnewsforus.A.AsB.IfC.WhetherD.That【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查主语从句。句意：天气要到下星期才会放晴，这对我们来说是个坏消息。分析句子可知，“_____theweatherwillnotclearupuntilnextweek”是主语从句，从句句意完整，成分齐全，应用只起连接作用、无实意的that引导。as如同；if是否；whether是否。故选D。9.Thereisagreatevidence______thatmusicactivitiesengagedifferentpartsofthebrain.A.indicateB.toindicateC.tobeindicatingD.indicating【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：那里有一个好的证据，暗示音乐活动促进大脑的不同区域。空格处是定语，由于空格处的词与被修饰的词evidence是主动关系，因此用现在分词，故填D。第16页/共16页学科网（北京）股份有限公司

210.IwishtothankMrs.Smith,without______helpIwouldnevermakesomuchprogress.A.whoB.whoseC.whomD.which【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我要感谢史密斯太太，没有她的帮助，我决不会取得这么大的进步。此处为“介词+关系代词”结构非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Mrs.Smith，在从句中作定语，应用whose，故选B。11.—Iwantyoubothtobeonyourbest______atGrandad’s.—OK,wewill,Mum.AopportunityB.struggleC.behaviorD.purpose【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：——我要你们两个在你爷爷家好好表现。——好的，我们会的，妈妈。A.opportunity机会；B.struggle斗争；C.behavior行为，举止；D.purpose目的。根据句意这是妈妈对孩子的告诫，要求他们注意行为举止。故选C。12.________hasagoodknowledgeofphysicsandhistoryisqualifiedfortheposition.A.NomatterwhoB.WhomeverC.WhoeverD.Thosewho【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查主语从句。句意：凡是精通物理和历史的人都能胜任这个职位。A.nomatterwho无论谁（引导让步状语从句）B.whomever无论谁（是宾格，不能作主语）；C.whoever无论谁（可以作主语也可以作宾语）；D.thosewho……的那些人，who引导定语从句，修饰those，谓语动词用复数。分析句子可知，此处为主语从句，从句中缺少主语，表示“无论谁”，用连接词whoever引导主语从句，故C项正确。13.Myteacher_____metotryicehockey,becauseIcouldskateverywell.AassuredB.representedC.persuadedD.attacked【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的老师说服我试试冰球，因为我滑冰滑得很好。A.assured确保；B.represented代表；C.persuaded说服；D.attacked攻击。根据后文“Icouldskateverywell.”可知，此处表老师说服“我”试试冰球，“说服某人做某事”，短语为persuadesb.todosth.。故选C。14.---TheCaptainisdefinitelyatouchingmovie,______adaptedfromatruestory.---Exactly.CaptainLiuputsthesafetyofpassengersinthefirstplace.A.onethatB.whichC.theoneD.one【答案】D【解析】第16页/共16页学科网（北京）股份有限公司

3【详解】考查代词。句意：——《船长》绝对是一部感人的电影，一部改编自真实故事的电影。——没错。刘队长把乘客的安全放在第一位。one可替代前面有不定冠词的可数名词单数，即表示泛指，在词句中代替前面的atouchingmovie。故选D项。15.Melissa,________thealarmclockfor6o’clock,oryouwilloversleepandbelateforthetrain.A.setB.settingC.setsD.toset【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查祈使句。句意：梅丽莎，把闹钟定在6点，否则你会睡过头而赶不上火车的。此处为祈使句+or+简单句，表示“做某事，否则……”。故选A。二、完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)OnabeautifulWednesdaymorning,Iawokeinasharedroominthehospital.Longcurtainshadbeenpulledaroundmybed,____16____mefromtheotherpatients.Ihadbrokenmyrightlegthenightbefore.Itwasstillsummer,butminewas____17____.Ontheothersideofmybedcurtain,Iheardapatientcheerfully____18____everynurseastheyenteredtheroom,asifwelcomingeachintohishome.Hecalledthembynameandasked____19____abouttheirfamilies.Ineverheardthismanwhisperawordabouthisown____20____.ThatnightIwept(哭泣).Ithoughtabouthowmyschoolworkwouldbe____21____andallthethingsIcould,temporarily,nolongerdo.Iawokeearlythenextmorning,____22____oftheuncertaindaysahead.The____23____oftheroomwassoonbrokenbyaquietvoicefrombehindthecurtain.“Goodmorning,”thevoicesaidcalmly,clearly____24____atme.“Areyoudoingokay?”Themanmusthaveheardmy____25____thenightbefore.Hesitantly,Iresponded.Fromtherehedrewmeintoa(n)____26____.Wetalkedendlesslythroughthecurtaintopassthetime,withoutseeingeachother.Everydayhewouldgreetmewithcheer,“Goodmorning,Caroline.Youaregoingto____27____this.”Thisstrangerbecamemycheerleader,asifitwashismissiontoliftmeupfrommy____28____.He____29____metofindthebestinalldifficultcircumstances.Lifeisnotalwayseasy,hewouldsay,butyouhaveto____30____andlookforthepositive.Dayslaterwhenthecurtainwasdrawn,Isawthis____31____oldmanforthefirsttime.____32____hisownillhealth,hecontinuedtocoachmefromhishospitalbedinthedaysthatfollowed.Mydischargepapers(出院证明)werefinallysignedandIwaited____33____togethome.AsIwaswheeledoutoftheroom,Isaidmyfinalgoodbyetotheoldman.Ioftenthinkofmyexceptionalroommateandofwhata(n)____34____hewastome.Theimpacthemadeduringthosedifficultdaysinhospitalstill____35____.Thankyouforbeingmyrayofsunshine!16.A.drivingB.separatingC.takingD.rescuing17A.nextB.backC.overD.here18.A.comfortingB.assistingC.praisingD.greeting19.A.sincerelyB.hopefullyC.thankfullyD.confidently第16页/共16页学科网（北京）股份有限公司

420.A.attitudeB.painC.threatD.effort21.A.ignoredB.understoodC.recommendedD.affected22.A.ashamedB.fondC.scaredD.proud23.A.silenceB.agreementC.connectionD.limit24.A.noddedB.directedC.laughedD.recorded25.A.cheerB.appealC.cryD.comment26.A.conflictB.adventureC.operationD.conversation27.A.getthroughB.comeacrossC.careforD.focuson28A.astonishmentB.crazinessC.sadnessD.embarrassment29.A.promisedB.orderedC.permittedD.encouraged30.A.getawayB.carryonC.checkoutD.makeup31.A.strictB.ambitiousC.optimisticD.honest32.A.DespiteB.BeyondC.BesidesD.Until33.A.doubtfullyB.curiouslyC.eagerlyD.politely34.A.opportunityB.giftC.dreamD.choice35.A.differsB.spreadsC.occursD.stays【答案】16.B17.C18.D19.A20.B21.D22.C23.A24.B25.C26.D27.A28.C29.D30.B31.C32.A33.C34.B35.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者摔断了右腿，非常沮丧和恐惧，幸亏一位病友一直鼓励作者，让作者找回了生活的信心。【16题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的床周围拉着长长的窗帘，把我和其他病人隔开了。A.driving驾驶；B.separating分开；C.taking带走；D.rescuing营救。根据上文“Longcurtainshadbeenpulledaroundmybed”可知帘子把病人们隔开了。故选B。【17题详解】考查形容词（副词）词义辨析。句意：那时还是夏天，但我的夏天已经结束了。A.next接下来的；B.back后面的；C.over结束的D.here这里。根据上文“Ihadbrokenmyrightlegthenightbefore.(前一天晚上我摔断了右腿)”可知，作者的夏天结束了。故选C。【18题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我的床罩的另一边，我听到一个病人兴高采烈地向每一个走进房间的护士打招呼，就像欢迎他们来到自己的家一样。A.comforting安慰；B.assisting帮助；C.praising赞美；D.greeting问候。根据后文“asifwelcomingeachintohishome.”可知，一个病人兴高采烈地向每一个走进房间的护士打招呼，故选D。【19题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他叫出他们的名字，真诚地询问他们的家庭情况。A.sincerely真诚地；B.hopefully有希望地；C.thankfully感谢地；D.confidently自信地。根据上文“asifwelcomingeachintohis第16页/共16页学科网（北京）股份有限公司

5home.”可知，这个病人对人很热情，真诚地问候别人的家人。故选A。【20题详解】考查名词词义辨析：句意：我从没听他谈起过自己的痛苦。A.attitude态度；B.pain痛苦；C.threat威胁；D.effort努力。根据上文“Ineverheardthismanwhisperawordabouthisown”可知病人关心他人，没有谈及自己的痛苦。故选B。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想到我的学业将会受到怎样的影响，以及所有我暂时不能再做的事情。A.ignored忽视；B.understood理解；C.recommended建议；D.affected影响。根据上文“Ithoughtabouthowmyschoolworkwouldbe”指作者担心受伤会影响自己的学业。故选D。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：第二天早上我很早就醒了，对未来不确定的日子感到恐惧。A.ashamed羞愧的；B.fond喜欢的；C.scared害怕的；D.proud骄傲的。根据后文“oftheuncertaindaysahead”可知当时作者恐惧未来。故选C。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析：句意：房间里的寂静很快被窗帘后面传来的一个安静的声音打破了。A.silence沉默；B.agreement协议；C.connection连接；D.limit限制。根据后文“oftheroomwassoonbrokenbyaquietvoicefrombehindthecurtain”指房间里的沉默被打破。故选A。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“早上好”那个声音平静地说，显然是冲着我来的。A.nodded点头；B.directed指导；指向；C.laughed笑；D.recorded记录。结合后文两人开始对话，可知这句话是问作者的，即指向作者的，directatsb.指向某人。故选B。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析：句意：那人一定是在前一天晚上听到了我的哭声。A.cheer高兴；B.appeal吸引；C.cry哭泣；D.comment评论。根据上文“ThatnightIwept.(那天晚上我哭了)”可知，听到了作者的哭声。故选C。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析：句意：从那以后，他把我拉进了一场谈话。A.conflict冲突；B.adventure冒险；C.operation手术；D.conversation对话。根据后文“Wetalkedendlesslythroughthecurtaintopassthetime”可知两人开始了对话。故选D。【27题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：每天他都会兴高采烈地跟我打招呼：“早上好，卡罗琳。你会挺过去的。”A.getthrough度过；B.comeacross偶遇；C.carefor关心；D.focuson集中。病人鼓励作者，说会度过难关。故选A。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析：句意：这个陌生人成了我的啦啦队长，仿佛他的使命就是把我从悲伤中拉起来。A.第16页/共16页学科网（北京）股份有限公司

6astonishment惊讶；B.craziness疯狂；C.sadness悲伤；D.embarrassment尴尬。根据上文“Thisstrangerbecamemycheerleader”可知，病人鼓励作者，把作者从悲伤中拉出来。故选C。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他鼓励我在任何困难的情况下都要找到最好的一面。A.promised承诺；B.ordered命令；C.permitted允许；D.encouraged鼓励。根据后文“metofindthebestinalldifficultcircumstances”可知病人鼓励作者去看到事情好的一面。故选D。【30题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他会说，生活并不总是容易的，但你必须坚持下去，寻找积极的一面。A.getaway离开；B.carryon继续，往前看；C.checkout结账离开；D.makeup编造。根据后文“andlookforthepositive”可知，生活并不总是容易，但必须坚持下去，看到好的一面。故选B。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：几天后，当大幕拉开时，我第一次见到了这个乐观的老人。A.strict严格的；B.ambitious有抱负的；C.optimistic乐观的；D.honest诚实的。结合上文老人鼓励作者看到积极一面，可知他很乐观。故选C。【32题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：尽管他自己身体不好，但在接下来的日子里，他在病床上继续指导我。A.Despite尽管；B.Beyond超越；C.Besides除……之外；D.Until直到。根据后文“hisownillhealth,hecontinuedtocoachmefromhishospitalbedinthedaysthatfollowed”可知，此处表示让步，表示尽管他自己身体不好，但在接下来的日子里，他在病床上继续指导作者。故选A。【33题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我的出院文件终于签好了，我急切地等着回家。A.doubtfully怀疑地；B.curiously好奇地；C.eagerly急切地；D.politely礼貌地。根据上文“Mydischargepaperswerefinallysigned”可知，作者可以出院了，急切地等着回家。故选C。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析：句意：我经常想起我那不寻常的室友，他对我来说是一份多么大的礼物。A.opportunity机会；B.gift礼物；C.dream梦想；D.choice选择。结合上文可知，老人鼓励了作者，对作者来说是一份礼物。故选B。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他在医院里那些艰难日子里所产生的影响仍然存在。A.differs不同；B.spreads传播；C.occurs发生；D.stays停留。根据上文“Theimpacthemadeduringthosedifficultdaysinhospitalstill”指病人对作者的影响仍然存在，故选D。三、阅读理解(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)AChineseLanguageandCultureDayCampJuly25-29,2014第16页/共16页学科网（北京）股份有限公司

7Monday-Friday,9:00a.m.-3:30p.m.Forages7-16Location:ConfuciusInstitute,10ParkStreet,AlfredCampFee:$150(includeslunch)Enrollment(注册)Deadline:July11,2014ProgramTheAUConfuciusInstituteChineseLanguageandCultureDayCampoffersagreatintroductiontoChineselanguageandcultureinanexciting,fun-filled,interactiveenvironment.Thesmall-classformatensuresthateachcampergetsenoughindividualattention.Thisprogramfeatures:●ChineseLanguageClasses●TraditionalChinesearts●Calligraphy●Crafts●Songs●Dance●Games●Cooking●Dailysupervisedcafeteria-stylelunchintheUniversityDiningHallFaculty(教员)TopqualityinstructionisprovidedbydistinguishedmembersoftheAUConfuciusInstitutefacultywhoareexperiencedteachers,fluentinbothEnglishandChinese.WhoCanAttend?Thisweek-long,daycampisforstudentsaged7-16whowishtoparticipateinafun,dynamicsummerexperienceinChineselanguageandculture.Forclasses,studentswillbedividedintoyoungerandolderagegroups.ScheduleStudentsmustarriveattheConfuciusInstituteeachdayby9:00a.m.andmustbepickedupat3:30p.m.MorninglessonswillfocusonChineselanguageclasses,whileafternoonswillbefilledwithhands-onculturalactivities.InstructorswillbringstudentstothePowellCampusCenterdininghallforasupervised,cafeteria-styleluncheachday.HowtoEnrollPleasefinishtheenrollmentformandreturnbyJuly11,withyour$150payment,OfficeofSummerPrograms,AlfredUniversity,SaxonDrive,Alfred,NY14802.ChecksshouldbemadepayabletoAlfredChineseLanguageandCultureDayCampUniversity.Majorcreditcardsarealsoaccepted.(Ifpayingbycreditcard,feelfreetofaxenrollmentformtousat607-871-2045.)CancellationPolicyFullrefunds(退款)willbemadeforcancellationsreceivedby3:30p.m.onJuly22,2014.Wecan’tmakerefundstostudentswhocancelafterJuly22becausetheamountofmaterialspurchased,mealcountsandclassroomspacesarebaseduponthenumberofstudentsexpectedandcannotbechangedafterthattime.Questions?第16页/共16页学科网（北京）股份有限公司

8Forfurtherinformation,pleasecontacttheOfficeofSummerProgramsviaemailorbycalling607-871-2612.36.Whyistheclassinsmallsize?A.Togiveeachcamperspecificcare.B.Tochargeahigherfeeeachcamper.C.Tosavemoreroomformorestudents.D.Tocreateaninteractiveatmosphere.37.WhatCAN’TyoulearninChineseLanguageandCultureDayCamp?A.Cooking.B.Crafts.C.Martialarts.D.Traditionalarts.38.Itcanbeinferredthatcampers________.A.havetobringtheirownluncheachdayB.willlearnaboutChineselanguagealldayC.muststayinthecampforaweekdayandnightD.shouldcometoandleavethecampeveryday39.Ifyouwanttogetbackyoufullfee,youhavetogiveup________.A.before3:30p.m.July22B.before9:00a.m.July11C.before3:30a.m.July25D.before9:00a.m.July2940.Whatinformationcanwelearnfromthetext?A.Pay$15beforeyouenroll.B.Studentswillbedividedintogroupsbyage.C.Youcanfaxyourquestionstotheoffice.D.TeachersaremostlyfromChina.【答案】36.A37.C38.D39.A40.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一个关于学习中国语言和文化的野营地。【36题详解】细节理解题。根据Program下的第二句话“Thesmall-classformatensuresthateachcampergetsenoughindividualattention.(小班形式确保每个露营者获得足够的个人关注)”可知，采用小班制教学是因为它能够给每一个参加野营的人提供专门的照顾。故选A。【37题详解】细节理解题。根据Program的黑点部分可知，Cooking(烹饪)，Crafts(手工)和Traditionalarts(传统艺术)都能够在这个野营中学到，只有武术是学不到的。故选C。【38题详解】推理判断题。根据Schedule下的第一句话“StudentsmustarriveattheConfuciusInstituteeachdayby9:00a.m.andmustbepickedupat3:30p.m.(学生必须在每天上午9点前到达孔子学院，下午3点30离开)”可推知，参加野营的人应该每天进出营地。故选D。【39题详解】细节理解题。根据CancellationPolicy下的第一句话“Fullrefunds(退款)willbemadeforcancellationsreceivedby3:30p.m.onJuly22,2014.(2014年7月22日下午3:30之前收到的取消订单将全额退款)”可知，7月22日下午3:30之前收到的取消订单将全额退款。故选A。【40题详解】细节理解题。根据WhoCanAttend?下的最后一句话“Forclasses,studentswillbedividedintoyoungerandolderagegroups.Schedule(对于班级，学生将分为年龄较小和较大的两组)”可知，参加野营的成员会按照年龄来分班。故选B。第16页/共16页学科网（北京）股份有限公司

9BItwasacoldwinterday.AwomandroveuptotheRainbowBridgetollbooth(收费站).“I’mpayingformyself,andforthesixcarsbehindme,”shesaidwithasmile,handingoverseventickets.Oneafteranother,thenextsixdriversarrivingatthetollboothwereinformed,“Someladyupaheadalreadypaidyourfare.”Itturnedoutthatthewoman,NatalieSmith,hadreadsomethingonafriend’srefrigerator:“Practicerandomkindnessandsenselessactsofbeauty.”Thephraseimpressedhersomuchthatshecopieditdown.JudyForemanspottedthesamephraseonawarehousewallfarawayfromhome.Whenitstayedonhermindfordays,shegaveupanddroveallthewaybacktocopyitdown.“Ithoughtitwasbeautiful,”shesaid,explainingwhyshe’dtakentowritingitatthebottomofallherletters,“likeamessagefromabove.”Herhusband,Frank,likedthephrasesomuchthatheputitupontheclassroomwallforhisstudents,oneofwhomwasthedaughterofAliceJohnson,alocalnewsreporter.Aliceputitinthenewspaper,admittingthatthoughshelikedit,shedidn’tknowwhereitcamefromorwhatitreallymeant.Twodayslater,AlicegotacallfromAnneHerbert,awomanlivinginMarin.ItwasinarestaurantthatAnnewrotethephrasedownonapieceofpaper,afterturningitaroundinhermindfordays.“Here’stheidea,”Annesays.“Anythingyouthinkthereshouldbemoreof,doitrandomly.”Herfantasiesincludepaintingtheclassroomsofshabbyschools,leavinghotmealsonkitchentablesinthepoorpartoftown,andgivingmoneysecretlytoaproudoldlady.Annesays, “Kindnesscanbuildonitselfasmuchasviolencecan.”Theactsofrandomkindnessspread.Ifyouwereoneofthosedriverswhofoundyourfarepaid,whoknowswhatyoumighthavebeeninspiredtodoforsomeoneelselater.Likeallgreatevents,kindnessbeginsslowly,witheverysingleact.Letitbeyours!41.WhydidNatalieSmithpayforthesixcarsbehindher?A.Sheknewthecardriverswell.B.Shewantedtoshowkindness.C.Shehopedtopleaseothers.D.Shehadseventickets.42.JudyForemancopieddownthephrasebecauseshe_________.A.thoughtitwasbeautifullywrittenB.wantedtoknowwhatitreallymeantC.decidedtowriteitonawarehousewallD.wantedherhusbandtoputitupintheclassroom43.Whocameupwiththephraseaccordingtothepassage?A.JudyForemanB.NatalieSmithC.AliceJohnsonD.AnneHerbert44.Whichofthefollowingstatementsisclosestinthemeaningtotheunderlinedsentenceabove?A.Kindnessandviolencecanchangetheworld.B.Kindnessandviolencecanaffectone’sbehavior.C.Kindnessandviolencecanreproducethemselves.D.Kindnessandviolencecanshapeone’scharacter.第16页/共16页学科网（北京）股份有限公司

1045.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Peopleshouldpracticerandomkindnesstothoseinneed.B.Peoplewhoreceivekindnessarelikelytoofferittoothers.C.Peopleshouldpracticerandomkindnesstostrangerstheymeet.D.Peoplewhoreceivekindnessarelikelytopayitbacktothegiver.【答案】41.B42.A43.D44.C45.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者在本文中通过讲述“随心随意求美，无来无由行善”这句话的由来，告诉我们要多行善，让善良的行为传播。【41题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Practicerandomkindnessandsenselessactsofbeauty.Thephraseimpressedhersomuchthatshecopieditdown”（“随心随意求美，无来无由行善”给她留下了深刻的印象。）可知，她想要多行善。故选B项。【42题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的二句“Whenitstayedonhermindfordays,shegaveupanddroveallthewaybacktocopyitdown.'Ithoughtitwasbeautiful,'”（当这一切在她的脑海中萦绕了好几天后，她放弃了，开车回去把这句话记了下来，“我认为这句话很美”。）可知，她认为这句话很美，所以才返回。故选A项。【43题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段第二句“ItwasinarestaurantthatAnnewrotethephrasedownonapieceofpaper,afterturningitaroundinhermindfordays.”（Anne是在一家餐馆里把这句话写在一张纸上的，她在脑海中反复思考了几天。）可知，这句话在Anne的脑海里好几天了，所以她就把她写了下来。说明这句话是AnneHerbert想出来的。故D正确。【44题详解】推理判断题。根据本句“Kindnesscanbuildonitselfasmuchasviolencecan.”（善良可以建立在自身之上，就像暴力可以建立在自身之上）以及最后一段第一句“Theactsofrandomkindnessspread.”（随机的善举会传播）可知，善良和暴力都是可以传播的。故选C项。【45题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Theactsofrandomkindnessspread.Ifyouwereoneofthosedriverswhofoundyourfarepaid,whoknowswhatyoumighthavebeeninspiredtodoforsomeoneelselater.”（善良是可以传播的。如果作为司机的你发现有人帮你付了费用，你也要想着为别人做一些好事情。）可推断，接受善意的人很可能会把善意送给别人。故选B项。CDogswag(摇摆)theirtailsindifferentdirectionsdependingonwhethertheyareexcitedandwantingtomoveforwardorthreatenedandthinkingofmovingback,astudyhasfound.ResearchersinItalyexaminedthetailwaggingbehaviourof30dogs,catchingtheirresponsestoarangeof第16页/共16页学科网（北京）股份有限公司

11stimuli(刺激物)withvideocameras.Toconductthestudytheychose15maledogsand15femaleonesagedbetweenoneandsixyears.ThedogswereallfamilypetswhoseownershadallowedthemtotakepartintheexperimentatBariUniversity.Thedogswereplacedinalargewoodenboxwithanopeningatthefronttoallowforthemtoviewvariousstimuli.Theyweretestedoneatatime.TheresearchersledbyProfessorGiorgioVallortigaraoftheUniversityofTriestefoundthatwhenthedogswereshowntheirowners—apositiveexperience—theirtailswaggedenergeticallytotherightside.Whentheywereshownanunfamiliarhumantheywaggedtotheright,butwithsomewhatlessenthusiasm.Theappearanceofacatagaincausedaright-handsidewag,althoughwithlessintensityagain.Theappearanceofalargeunfamiliardog,similartoaGermanshepherd,changedthedirectionoftailwaggingtotheleft.Researcherssupposedthedogwasthinkingofmovingback.Whenthedogswerenotshownanystimulitheytendedtowagtheirtailstotheleft,suggestingtheypreferredcompany.Whilethechangesinthetailwaggingwerenoteasilynoticedwithouttheaidofvideo,itwasthoughtthatthefindingscouldhelppeoplejudgethemoodofdogs.Computerandvideosystems,forexample,couldbeusedbyprofessionaldogtrainerstodeterminethemoodofdogsthattheywererequiredtoapproach.46.Thevideocameraswereusedtocatchthedogs’responsesbecause________.A.itwaseasiertocatchthedogs’responsechangesinthetailwaggingB.thedogswereputinthewoodenboxesandtestedoneatatimeC.theyenabledthedogs’ownerstoknowabouttheirdogs’habitD.thedogswaggedtheirtailsindifferentdirectionswhentheywereindifferentmoods47.Theunderlinedword“intensity”inthepassagemeans________.A.surpriseB.worryC.hateD.excitement48.Whentherearenostimuli,adogwill________.A.wagtotherightB.wagtotheleftC.notwagatallD.wagtotheleftandthentotheright49.Theunderlinedword“they”refersto________.A.thetrainersB.thedogsC.thesystemsD.theresearchers50.Thepurposeofdoingtheexperimentis________.A.tohelppeoplejudgethemoodofdogsB.totraindogsfortheirownersC.tohelpdogsfindcompanyD.tohelppeoplechoosetheirpetdogs【答案】46.A47.D48.B49.A50.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章一项研究表明，狗的摆动尾巴方向的变化取决于它们的情绪，这一发现有助于人们通过摇尾变化来判断狗的心情。【46题详解】细节理解题。由第二段中的“ResearchersinItalyexaminedthetailwaggingbehaviorof30dogs,catchingtheirresponsestoarangeofstimuli(刺激物)withvideocameras.(意大利的研究人员研究了30只狗的摇尾行为，用摄像机捕捉它们对一系列刺激的反应)”和最后一段中的“Whilethechangesinthetailwaggingwerenoteasilynoticedwithouttheaidofvideo,itwasthoughtthatthefindingscouldhelppeoplejudgethemoodofdogs.(虽然没有视频的帮助，摇尾巴的变化不容易被注意到，但人们认为这些发现可以帮助人们判断狗的情绪)第16页/共16页学科网（北京）股份有限公司

12”可知，没有摄像机的帮助，人们很难发现狗的摇尾变化，所以在狗摇动尾巴时，摄像机更容易捕捉到狗的反应变化。故选A项。【47题详解】词句猜测题。由第三段中的“TheresearchersledbyProfessorGiorgioVallortigaraoftheUniversityofTriestefoundthatwhenthedogswereshowntheirowners—apositiveexperience—theirtailswaggedenergeticallytotherightside.Whentheywereshownanunfamiliarhumantheywaggedtotheright,butwithsomewhatlessenthusiasm.Theappearanceofacatagaincausedaright-handsidewag,althoughwithlessintensityagain.(的里亚斯特大学的GiorgioVallortigara教授领导的研究人员发现，当狗狗们看到它们的主人时——这是一个积极的体验——它们的尾巴积极地向右摇摆。当它们看到一个不熟悉的人类时，它们的尾巴向右摇摆，但是没有那么热情。一只猫的出现再次引起了尾巴向右边摇摆，尽管intensity再次变小了)”可知，这三个例子，同样都在说狗尾巴向右摇摆，但是热情积极的情绪逐渐下降。因此，划线词“intensity”和前面的“energetically”，“enthusiasm”应是同义词，intensity在此处意为“兴奋（excitement）”。故选D。【48题详解】细节理解题。由第三段中的“Whenthedogswerenotshownanystimulitheytendedtowagtheirtailstotheleft,suggestingtheypreferredcompany.(当狗没有受到任何刺激时，它们倾向于向左摇尾巴，这表明它们更喜欢有人陪伴)”可知，当没有刺激时，狗会向左摇尾巴。故选B。【49题详解】词义猜测题。根据最后一句“Computerandvideosystems,forexample,couldbeusedbyprofessionaldogtrainerstodeterminethemoodofdogsthattheywererequiredtoapproach.(例如，计算机和视频系统可以被专业的训狗师用来确定他们需要接近的狗的情绪)”可知，他们指代的是前面的dogtrainers，实验中训狗师要接近狗。故选A。【50题详解】推理判断题。由最后一段中的“Whilethechangesinthetailwaggingwerenoteasilynoticedwithouttheaidofvideo,itwasthoughtthatthefindingscouldhelppeoplejudgethemoodofdogs.Computerandvideosystems,forexample,couldbeusedbyprofessionaldogtrainerstodeterminethemoodofdogsthattheywererequiredtoapproach.(虽然没有视频的帮助，摇尾巴的变化不容易被注意到，但人们认为这些发现可以帮助人们判断狗的情绪。例如，计算机和视频系统可以被专业的训狗师用来确定他们需要接近的狗的情绪)”可知，此实验能帮助人们判断狗的情绪，因此做这个实验的目的是帮助人们判断狗的情绪。故选A。四、阅读表达(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。WhenIwasakid,therewasonlyonewaymyparentswouldletmestayhomefromschoolandthatwasifIhadahighfever.Mostofmyfriendscouldstayhomeduetoastomachacheoramildfever—butnotme…Ihadtobedyinginordertostayhome.Bytheway,myparentsarebothdoctors.Myparentsusedtosaythattheywereteachingmehowtohaveagoodworkethic(职业道德).Ididn’tunderstandtheconnectionuntillastweek.TheotherdayIwasonthetrainandsatbehindayoungmanwhowascomplainingtohisfriendabouthislife.Hewentonfortwentyminutesabouthowhispassioninlifewastomakemovies,buthewouldn’tpursueitbecause第16页/共16页学科网（北京）股份有限公司

13hehadnoclueifhecouldmakeenoughmoneyandhedidn’twanttowastetimebecauseitwouldtakeyearstomakeitbig.Hethenadmittedtothinkingaboutbuyingstocksbyborrowingmoneybecausehethoughthecouldeasilymakesixfigureswithinoneyear.Hisfriendagreedwithhimandsaid,“Thestockisgoodbecauseyoucanmaketonsofmoneyandonlyworkforashorttime.”Ithinktheywereindulging(沉溺)inthewildestfantasy.Manypeoplethesedaysdon’trealizethatwhenthingsseemtohappenimmediately,itisonlybecausealotofeffort,determinationandtimehavegoneintothemanditisn’tduetosomemiraculous(不可思议的)event.Theeasieritlooks,themorehoursgointoit.Thereisnoexcuseforlaziness.Lookingatthetwoyoungmen,allofasuddenIwashavingaflashbackofbeingtenyearsoldandwatchingthetelevisionshowFame.Intheshowthedanceteachertoldherstudents,“Ifyouwantfame,famecostsandhere’showyoustartpayingforit…insweat.”Everytimewewatchedthatshow,mydadwouldproudlysayhowrighttheteacherwasbecauseinordertosucceedyouhavetoworkhard.51.Whendidtheauthor’sparentsallowhertostayhomefromschool?(Nomorethan10words)_______________________________________________52.Whydidtheyoungmanonthetraingiveuphisdreamofmakingmovies?(Nomorethan15words)_______________________________________________53.Whatwillittaketosucceedimmediatelyinauthor’sopinion?(Nomorethan10words)_______________________________________________54.Howdoyouunderstandtheunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraph?(Nomorethan10words)_______________________________________________55.Doyouagreewiththeauthor’sopinion?Pleaseexplainitinyourownwords.(Nomorethan25words)_______________________________________________【答案】51.Onlywhentheauthorwasseriouslyill./Onlywhentheauthorhadahighfever.52.Becausehethoughtmakingmoviescouldn’thelpmakelotsofmoneyinashorttime.53.Itwilltakelotsofefforts,determination,andtime.54.Youhavetoworkhardinordertosucceed.55.Yes,becauseworkinghardmakesussuccessfulandit’shardworking,ratherthanintelligence,thatmatters.【解析】【导语】本文是夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述作者的父母对他的要求很严格，他小时候不是很理解。但是后来，作者明白了，只有通过努力才能成功。【51题详解】考查细节理解。根据第一段“WhenIwasakid,therewasonlyonewaymyparentswouldletmestayhomefromschoolandthatwasifIhadahighfever.(当我还是个孩子的时候，我的父母只有一个办法让我呆在家里不上学，那就是如果我发高烧。)”可知，只有当作者发高烧的时候，他的父母才会允许他呆在家里不上学。故答案为Onlywhentheauthorwasseriouslyill./Onlywhentheauthorhadahighfever.【52题详解】考查细节理解。根据第二段“Hewentonfortwentyminutesabouthowhispassioninlifewastomakemovies,第16页/共16页学科网（北京）股份有限公司

14buthewouldn’tpursueitbecausehehadnoclueifhecouldmakeenoughmoneyandhedidn’twanttowastetimebecauseitwouldtakeyearstomakeitbig.(他花了20分钟讲述了自己对电影的热爱，但他不会去追求，因为他不知道自己是否能赚到足够的钱，也不想浪费时间，因为要想把电影做大需要几年的时间。)”可知，那位年轻人之所以放弃做电影的梦想是因为他觉得做电影花费的时间太长，而且也不一定能赚到足够的钱。故答案为Becausehethoughtmakingmoviescouldn’thelpmakelotsofmoneyinashorttime.【53题详解】考查细节理解。根据第三段“Manypeoplethesedaysdon’trealizethatwhenthingsseemtohappenimmediately,itisonlybecausealotofeffort,determinationandtimehavegoneintothemanditisn’tduetosomemiraculous(不可思议的)event.(如今，许多人没有意识到，当事情似乎立即发生时，这仅仅是因为他们付出了大量的努力、决心和时间，而不是由于某种奇迹事件。)”可知，在作者看来，成功需要付出大量的努力、决心和时间。故答案为Itwilltakelotsofefforts,determination,andtime.【54题详解】考查词句猜测。根据最后一段“Ifyouwantfame,famecostsandhere’showyoustartpayingforit…insweat.(如果你想成名，成名就要付出代价，下面是你如何开始为此付出代价的……汗水。)”可知，这句话想表达的意思是：要想成功就需要努力。故答案为Youhavetoworkhardinordertosucceed.【55题详解】开放性试题。根据“Intheshowthedanceteachertoldherstudents,“Ifyouwantfame,famecostsandhere’showyoustartpayingforit…insweat.”Everytimewewatchedthatshow,mydadwouldproudlysayhowrighttheteacherwasbecauseinordertosucceedyouhavetoworkhard.(在节目中，舞蹈老师告诉她的学生，“如果你想成名，成名就要付出代价，这就是你如何开始付出代价……挥汗如雨。”每次我们观看节目时，我父亲都会自豪地说，老师是多么正确，因为为了成功，你必须努力工作。)”可知，这篇文章作者想要表达的中心就是：想要成功，就必须努力。所以给出的答案要围绕这个中心展开。故答案为Yes,becauseworkinghardmakesussuccessfulandit’shardworking,ratherthanintelligence,thatmatters.五、书面表达(满分15分)56.假设你是红星中学高一学生李津，你班将在英语课上就“饮食习惯”这一话题进行讨论，请按照以下提示，用英语写一篇发言稿。内容要点：1.好的饮食习惯的意义;2.同学们不良的饮食习惯;3.怎样健康饮食。注意：1.发言稿必须包括所有要点，可以适当发挥;2.发言稿的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数;3.发言稿的字数不少于100词。Dearfriends,第16页/共16页学科网（北京）股份有限公司

15________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________That’sall.Thankyou!【答案】Asweallknow,wearewhatweeat.Therefore,it’saveryimportantforustoformhealthyeatinghabits.However,badeatinghabitsarestillverycommonamongusstudents.Someofusoftengotoschoolwithoutbreakfast;someliketohavesnacks;someothersareparticularaboutfood;andstillsomeeatordrinktoomuch.Allthesebadhabitswillsurelydoharmtoourhealth.Tokeepfit,weshouldhavevarioushealthydiets,whichgenerallyincludeproperamountsoffish,meat,vegetables,fruitaswellasmainfood.Besides,we’dbetterhavemealsregularly.Inmyopinion,weshouldtrytodevelophealthyeatinghabitstobuildupastrongbody.Onlyinthiswaycanwehaveenoughenergytostudybetter.That’sall.Thankyou!【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生就“饮食习惯”这一话题进行讨论并写一篇发言稿。内容要点：1.好的饮食习惯的意义；2.同学们不良的饮食习惯；3.怎样健康饮食。【详解】1.词汇积累培养（习惯）：form→develop挑剔的：particular→picky无疑：surely→undoubtedly此外：besides→moreover2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Inmyopinion,weshouldtrytodevelophealthyeatinghabitstobuildupastrongbody.拓展句：Itisnecessarythatweshouldtrytodevelophealthyeatinghabitstobuildupastrongbody.【点睛】[高分句型1]Tokeepfit,weshouldhavevarioushealthydiets,whichgenerallyincludeproperamountsoffish,meat,vegetables,fruitaswellasmainfood.(运用了which引导的非限定性定语从句)[高分句型2]Onlyinthiswaycanwehaveenoughenergytostudybetter.(运用了“only+介词短语”位于句首引导的倒装句)第16页/共16页学科网（北京）股份有限公司