新视野视听说第三册答

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UnitlEnjoythecolorfulcampuslife!II.BasicListeningPracticeKeys:1.C2.D3.B4.D5.AIII.ListeningInTask1:OnthefirstdayKeys:(1)thefirstday(2)changing(3)reallygood(4)hardworkers(5)wentoverherhead(6)explained(7)notes(8)Wednesday(9)participation(10)educationTask2:Howtoselectelectivecourses?Keys:(1)extratraining(2)chemistry(3)accounting(4)manyfieldsofstudy(5)betterpotential(6)businessdegree(7)challenging(8)howtolearn(9)betterunderstanding(10)narrow-mindedTask3:HowtogetstraightA's?Keys:1.B2.C3.D4.A5.DIV.SpeakingOutMODEL1MODEL2MODEL3V.Let?"sTalkTask1:Maintainingthequalityorincreasingtheintake?Keys:(1)quality

1(2)young(3)25(4)difficult(5)government(6)quality(7)cut(8)extra-cautious(9)afford(10)experience(11)more(12)blame(13)budget(14)puzzled(15)serviceTask2:What'syouranswer?Accordingtotheinterviewee,it'sdifficulttostrikeabalancebetweenmaintainingtheeducationalqualityandmakingsureasmanypeopleaspossiblereceiveuniversityeducation.Inthepastyears,Chinahasbeenconfrontedwiththesameproblem.Theuniversityenrollmenthasbeenontheincreaseandsomeinstitutionsofhigherlearningdonothaveenoughteachersandteachingfacilities,thusaffectingtheeducationalquality.Task3:Let'sgroupwork!II.FurtherListeningandSpeakingListeningTask:Taskl:ProblemswithoureducationalsystemScript:Hi,everybody.Mytopictodayis"Problemswithoureducationalsystem".Idisagreeonalotofthewaysthatthingshavehappenedforalongtimeinoureducationalsystem.Itseemsthateducatorsjustwanttogivestandardizedtests,whichfocusonlyonacademicperformanceandneglectstudents'abilitiesandinterestinotherareas.Ithinktherearealotofpeoplewhoareveryintelligent,buthaven'thadtheopportunitiestheycouldhavehadiftheyhadlearnedinabroader-mindededucationalsystem.Ifeelthatalotofcoursesthatstudentsarerequiredtotakeinhighschoolaretooacademic,and,asaresult,manykidshavelosttheirinterestinlearning.Educatorsoftenfailtorecognizevariouskindsofintelligence.Theysimplyexertalotofpressureonstudentstobeaswell-roundedas

2possible.Ithinkbeingwell-roundedisn'treallypossible.Andasaconsequence,somestudentsIbelievetobeintelligentcan'tgetintogoodcollegesifthey,youknow,haven'tscoredwellonthemathsection,eveniftheyarebrilliantwriters.Anotherthingthatdisturbsmeisthattheso-calledweakstudentsareseparatedfromtherestoftheschool.Somekidsarekeptinaseparateclassiftheirgradesarelowerthanothers'.Andthey'reveryawareoftheirsocialposition,youknow.Ithinkitcausesthemtoactinawaythatisnotreallypositive.They'rejustactinginawaytheyareexpected.Oftentheirgradesgofrombadtoworse.Andthat'sprettysad.Ithinkthatmanyofthekidsinthoseclassesareintelligent,buttheyneveractuallyrealizetheirpotentialbecauseofthewaytheyaretreatedearlyonintheireducation.Keys:(1)standardizedtests(2)abilitiesandinterest(3)interest(4)pressure(5)well-rounded(6)getintogoodcolleges(7)therestoftheschool(8)frombadtoworseTask2:ThefinalexamScriptAtauniversity,therewerefoursophomorestakingachemistrycourse.Theyweredoingsowellonallthequizzes,midterms,labs,etc.thateachhadan"A"sofarforthesemester.Thesefourfriendsweresoconfidentthatontheweekendbeforethefinal,theydecidedtogouptotheUniversityofVirginiaandpartywithsomefriendsthere.Theyhadagreattimeanddidn'tmakeitbacktoschooluntilearlyMondaymorning.Ratherthantakingthefinalthen,theydecidedtofindtheirprofessorafterthefinalandexplaintohimwhytheymissedit.Theyexplainedthattheyhadplannedtocomebackintimeforthefinalexam,but,unfortunately,theyhadaflattireonthewaybackanddidn'thaveaspare.

3Asaresult,theymissedthefinal.Theprofessorthoughtitoverandthenagreedtheycouldmakeupthefinalthefollowingday.Theguyswererelievedandelated.Thenextday,theprofessorplacedtheminseparaterooms,handedeachofthemapaper,andtoldthemtobegin.Theylookedatthefirstproblem,worthfivepoints.Itwasasimplequestiononachemicalreaction."Cool,"theyallthoughtatthesametime,eachoneinhisseparateroom,"thisisgoingtobeeasy."Eachfinishedtheproblemandthenturnedthepage.Onthesecondpagewasaquestionworth95points:"Whichofthetireswasflat?"Keys:(1)course(2)quizzes(3)semester(4)confident(5)party(6)make(7)missed(8)theyhadaflattireonthewaybackanddidn'thaveaspare(9)placedtheminseparaterooms,handedeachofthemapaper(10)OnthesecondpagewasaquestionworthTask3:HarvardUniversityScriptHarvardUniversityistheoldestinstituteofhigherlearningintheUnitedStates.Founded16yearsafterthearrivalofthePilgrimsatPlymouth,theuniversityhasgrownfromninestudentswithasinglemastertothepresentenrollmentofmorethan21,000students,includingundergraduatesandstudentsin10graduateandprofessionalschools.Over14,000peopleworkatHarvard,includingmorethan2,100facultymembers.HarvardhasproducedeightAmericanpresidentsandmanyNobelPrizewinners.Duringitsearlyyears,HarvardofferedaclassicacademiccoursebasedonthemodelofEnglishuniversities,butconsistentwiththeprevailingPuritanphilosophy.AlthoughmanyofitsearlygraduatesbecameministersinPuritanchurchesthroughoutNewEngland,theuniversitywasneverformallyaffiliatedwithaspecificreligiousgroup.UnderPresidentPusey,HarvardstartedwhatwasthenthelargestfundraisingcampaigninthehistoryofAmericanhighereducation.Itwasan82.5-million-dollarprogramfortheuniversity.Theprogramincreasedfacultysalaries,broadenedstudentaid,creatednewprofessorships,and

4expandedHarvard'sphysicalfacilities.NeilL.RudenstinetookofficeasHarvard's26thpresidentin1991.Aspartofanoverallefforttoachievegreatercoordinationamongtheuniversity'sschoolsandfaculties,RudenstineencouragedacademicplanningandidentifiedsomeofHarvard'smainintellectualpriorities.Healsostressedtheimportanceoftheuniversity'sexcellenceinundergraduateeducation,thesignificanceofkeepingHarvard'sdoorsopentostudentsfromfamiliesofdifferenteconomicbackgrounds,andthetaskofadaptingtheresearchuniversitytoaneraofbothrapidinformationgrowthandseriousfundshortage.Keys:1.B2.A3.C4.D5.DViewingandspeaking:Task1:UniversitybudgetcutsScriptHost:Well,DavidLammy,theUniversityMinister,joinsmefromWestminster.Nowthanksforjoiningusthislunchtime,Mr.Lammy.Howdothesecuts...tieinwithyourmuchtrumpetedcommitmenttoincreasinghighereducation?Interviewee:Well,Ithinkit'simportanttoremindviewersthatwewillspendwellover12billionpoundsonhighereducationthisyearandtoalsosaythattherewillbemorestudentsatuniversitynextyearthaneverbeforeinourhistory.Butwhatisimportantisthatwhentheygettouniversity,isthattheyhavegoodfacilities,goodbuildings,thattheyhavegoodcontactwiththeirlecturersand,forstudentsfrompoorerbackgroundsthattheyreceiveagrant.Andyouknow40percentofstudentswhoaregoingtouniversityareinreceiptofsomegrants.Sowehavetoplan...Host:Butthere'sgoingtobelessmoneynextyear.That'sthebottomline,isn'tit?Interviewee:Er,weareaskinguniversitiestomakeaonepercentcutintheirteachinggrant.That's51millionoutofatotalbudgetofoverfivebillion.Look,IthinktherearefamiliesacrossthecountrypreparingforChristmasspendingabitlessandthey're,youknow,it'salotmorethanonepercentthatthey're,they'refeeling.SoIthinkthisisreasonabletoaskuniversitiesifwearetoensurethatwecancontinuetosendmoreyoungpeopletouniversityandweremaincommittedtothat.Host:Andbriefly,whataboutthesetwo-yeardegrees?Thisisa

5reductioninstandards,isn'tit?Interviewee:Well,we,we,we...It'simportantinthiscountrythatwerememberthatstudentsaren'tjusttheclassic18-to21-year-oldundergraduates.Wewantmaturestudents.Wewantmoreparttimestudentsandoverthelastfewyearswe'vebeengrowingthenumberoffoundationdegree,two-yeardegreesthatensurethattransitionintohighuniversityandhighlevelskills.That'swhatwewanttosupportandthat'swhatwe'reindicatinginthegrantletterthatwe'vesenttouniversitiesoverthelastfewdays.Host:OK.DavidLammy,thankyousomuchforjoiningus.lnterviewee:Thankyou.Keys:(1)increasing(2)12/twelve(3)more(4)facilities(5)lecturers(6)poorer(7)grant(8)one(9)budget(10)less(11)young(12)classic(13)part-time(14)growing(15)two-yearTask2:TalkafterviewingScriptTherewillbemorestudentsatuniversitiesnextyearthaneverbeforeinourhistory.Whentheygettouniversity,theyhavegoodfacilities,goodbuildings,aswellasgoodcontactwiththeirlecturers.Studentsfrompoorerbackgroundsreceiveagrant.40percentofstudentswhoaregoingtouniversitywillreceivesomesortofgrant.Unit1testPartIKeys:1.A2.B3.D4.B5.DPartII

6(1)for(2)with(3)opportunity(4)tuition(5)explore(6)encounter(7)adventure(8)Aswithanycountry,itisnotadvisabletocarrylargeamountsofcasharoundwithyou(9)Traveler'schecksareoneofthesafestandeasiestwaystotransportmoney,becauseyoumayhavethemreplacediftheygetlostorstolen(10)Itiswisetobringabout$100withyouinU.S.cash,soyouwillbeabletomanageuponyourarrivalintheStatesPartIII1.C2.A3.B4.D5.APartIV1.C2.A3.A4.D5.C6.B7.A8.C9.B10.CUint2Ourglobeisindanger!I.LeadinTask1:sandstorm;airpollution;deforestationwaterpollution;meltingpolaricecap;lightpollutiondrought;desertification;litteringII.BasicListeningPracticeKeys:1.B2.D3.A4.A5.CIII.ListeningInTask1:Weshouldhaveproperrespectfornature!

7Script:Martha:Doyouthinkmostpeopleinyourculturerespectnature?Ed:Ithinkso.Um...morenowthanbefore.Martha:Whatdoyouthinkisthemostseriousenvironmentalproblemintheworldtoday?Ed:Today...Ithinkdamagetotheozonelayerisabigproblem,andanotherproblemispollutioninbigcitiesandthingslikethat.Martha:Howdoyoulearnaboutenvironmentalproblems?Ed:Um...throughschool.Alotofclubspromoteenvironmentalsafety,andsomeTVprograms,too.Theytalkaboutenvironmentalsafetyandstufflikethat.Martha:Doyouthinkstudentsshouldlearnmoreabouttheenvironmentatschool?Ed:Ithinkso.So,astheygrowolder,theycanbemoreawareofalltheproblemsthataregoingon,andalsotopreventmoreproblemsfromoccurring.Martha:Ifyoucouldcreateanewlawtohelptheenvironment,whatwoulditbe?Ed:Anewlawfortheenvironment?Um...I'dprobablysaythatwhenpeoplethrowawaytheircigarettebutts,theyhavetothrowthemintothegarbagebin,notjustthrowthemeverywherebecauseit'sjustlitteringandIhatethat.Sotheyshouldbefinediftheythrowthemonthefloororontheground.Martha:That'sagoodidea.Whatdoyoupersonallydotohelpprotecttheenvironment?Ed:I'msoagainstlittering.Ineverlitter.IfIseesomebodylitter,Igetreallyangry.SoIalwaysthrowmytrashintothegarbagebin.Keys:(1)nature(2)environmentalproblem(3)pollution(4)promote(5)awareof(6)fromoccurring(7)law(8)throwaway(9)fined(10)trashTask2:RiverpollutionScript:

8Ifyouseedeadfishfloatingontheriverornoticethatthewaterisdiscoloredandsmelly,youknowtheriverhasbeenpolluted,andtherearefourmainpossiblecausesforit.First,fertilizer.Iflargeamountsoffertilizerorfarmwastedrainintoariver,theconcentrationsofnitrateandphosphateinthewaterincreaseconsiderably.Algaeusethesesubstancestogrowrapidly,turningthewatergreen.Thismassivegrowthofalgaeleadstopollution.Whenthealgaedie,theyarebrokendownbytheactionofthebacteria,whichquicklymultiply,usingupalltheoxygeninthewaterandthereforecausingthedeathoffish.Second,industrialwaste.Factoriessometimesdischargechemicalwasteintorivers.Examplesofsuchpollutantsincludecyanide,lead,copper,andmercury.Thesesubstancesmayenterthewaterinsuchhighconcentrationsthatfishandotheranimalsarekilledimmediately.Sometimesthepollutantsenterthefoodchainandaccumulateuntiltheyreachtoxiclevels,eventuallykillingfishandotheranimals.Third,oilpollution.Ifoilentersaslow-movingriver,itformsarainbow-coloredfilmovertheentiresurface,preventingoxygenfromenteringthewater.Fourth,warmwater.Industryoftenuseswaterforcoolingprocesses,sometimesdischarginglargequantitiesofwarmwaterbackintorivers.Ahighertemperatureofthewaterlowersthelevelofdissolvedoxygenandupsetsthebalanceoflifeinthewater.Keys:1.D2.A3.B4.C5.DTask3:CurbingcarbonemissionsScript:Althoughitisnotaneasytask,ChinaisstrivingtofulfillthepromisetocutitscarbondioxideemissionsperunitofGDPby40to45percentinthenext10years.ZhangGuobao,DirectoroftheNationalEnergyAdministration,said,"Thegovernmentputsgreatemphasisonseekingharmoniousdevelopmentbetweencitiesandtheenvironment,andisreadjustingtheenergystructurebygivingprioritytothedevelopmentofcleanandlow-carbonenergies,includinghydroelectric,nuclear,wind,andsolarpower."Governmentauthoritieshaveclosedsmall,coal-firedplantswithatotalcapacityof60.06millionkilowattsinthepastfouryears.Thisyear'stargetofclosing10millionkilowattsofcapacitywillbeachievedbyAugust."Wehavepromisedtotheinternationalcommunitythat15percentofourpowerwillbegeneratedfromnonfossilsourcesby2020,"DirectorZhangsaid.Atpresent,non-fossilenergyaccountsforonly7.8percent.

9Chinaismakingeffortstoincreasetheproportionofcleanenergyinitstotalenergyconsumption.StatisticsshowthatChinainvestedUS$34.6billionincleanenergylastyear,exceedingtheUnitedStateswhichinvestedUS$18.6billion.Thus,Chinahasbecometheworldleaderingeneratingcleanenergy.Fiveyearsearlier,China'sinvestmentincleanenergywasonlyUS$2.5billion.However,China'scarbonemissionreductiontargetcannotbeachievedeasily.Theshifttoalow-carboneconomymightbemetatacosttosociety.Forinstance,morethan400,000peoplewerelaidoffasaresultoftheshutdownofsmallcoal-firedpowerplantsinthepastfouryears.ManystudiesindicatethattheefforttocurbgreenhousegasemissionsmaydelayChina'sdevelopment,affectpeople'sincome,andleadtounemployment.Keys:1.D2.D3.A4.B5.CII.SpeakingOutMODEL1MODEI.2MODEL3III.Let?"sTalkTask1:DisappointmentoverclimatenegotiationsKeys:1)doesn'treallyactuallycommitanyonetodoinganything,2)theatmospheresimplecan'ttakethekindofemissionswe'vebeenseeinginthebusiness-as-usualscenarioandthere'snorealcommitmenttochangethat.3)There'snorealcommitmenttoputseriousmoneyonthetable4)It'snotbackedbyaction,5)Itdoesnotconstitutea...adeal.6)It'sahollowshell7)itlacksanythingonemissionscuts8)There'snoguaranteethattherewillbenewmoney,thatthemoneywillbereal,thatthere'sactuallyacommitmenttogetthere,orthatitwillbechanneledinnewways,Task2:What'syouranswer?Twospeakersholdanegativeattitudetowardtheworldclimateconference.Task3:Let'sgroupwork!Developedcountriesshouldbearmoreresponsibilities.First,theycausedmostoftheworldpollutionintheirindustrializationprocess.Second,theyarealreadyeconomicallyadvanced,withmorefundstodealwithpollutionproblems.Ontheotherhand,developingcountriescausedlesspollutioninthe

10past,andnowtheyneedrapiddevelopment.Therefore,aninternationalagreementtheKyotoProtocolin1997stipulatedcommonbutdifferentiatedresponsibilitiesfordevelopedanddevelopingnations,whichmeansthatbothshouldberesponsibleforenvironmentalprotectionandcutcarbondioxideemissions,buttheformermusttakemoreresponsibility.Recently,however,somewealthycountrieshaveinsistedthatdevelopingcountrieslikeChinashouldshouldermoreresponsibilities.VI.FurtherListeningandSpeakingListeningTask:Taskl:TheenvironmentandthedevelopmentScript:Li:Hi,ProfessorWang.I'mLiLin,acorrespondentfortheuniversitynewspaper.Thestaffandstudentsherearegettingmoreandmoreinterestedintherelationshipbetweentheenvironmentandeconomicdevelopment.Whatdoyouthinkisthemostseriousenvironmentalproblematpresent?Whatmeasuresshouldweadopttoimprovetheenvironmentanddeveloptheeconomyatthesametime?Wang:Therearemanyenvironmentalproblems:airpollution,waterpollution,desertification,overfishing,destructionofnaturalhabitats,acidrain,overconsumptionofwildanimalsandplants,etc.Butlyingatthecenterofallthoseproblems,asIseeit,isthecontradictionbetweeneconomicgrowthandtheenvironment.SincetheUnitedNationsEarthSummitin1992,growingnumberofpeopleandgovernmentshaveadoptedthenewideaof"sustainabledevelopment".Thismeanstoday'seconomicgrowthshouldnotwipeouttheresourcesandoptionsforfuturegenerations.Planninganddevelopmentshouldensurenotonlyeconomicgrowth,butalsosocialadvancementandenvironmentalhealth.Inotherwords,someeconomicbehaviormustberestrictedorcontrolled.Instillingprinciplesofsustainabledevelopmentintogovernmentplanning,resourcemanagementandeconomicpolicyisthemostimportantstepChinacantaketosolveitsenvironmentalproblems.Chinahasalreadytakensomeremarkablestepstoreducedamagetotheenvironment.Forinstance,followingthehugefloodsof1998,thegovernmentbannedloggingintheupperreachesoftheYangtzeRiverinordertoprotectforestsandreducetheriskoffloods.Still,thebasiccontradictionbetweentheenvironmentanddevelopmentpersists.Muchworkistobedonebeforewecanachievetheaimofabalancebetweeneconomicgrowthandtheenvironment.Keys:(1)waterpollution

11(2)overconsumption(3)economicgrowth(4)resources(5)socialadvancement(6)restricted(7)governmentplanning(8)economicpolicy(9)remarkablesteps(10)balanceTask2:ThickcloudofpollutioncoveringsouthernAsiaScriptAUnitedNationsstudysaysathickcloudofpollutioncoveringsouthernAsiathreatensthelivesofmillionsofpeople.Scientistssaythepollutioncouldincreaselungdiseaseandcauseearlydeath.Thecloudisalsodamagingagricultureandaffectingrainfalllevels.IthasaffectedmanycountriesinsouthernAsia.Thepollutioncloudisthreekilometershigh.Scientistssayitcanmovehalfwayaroundtheworldinaweek.Thecloudistheresultofforestfires,theburningofagriculturalwaste,andhugeincreasesintheburningoffuelsbyvehicles,industries,andpowerstations.Pollutionfrommillionsofbadcookingstoveshasmadetheproblemworse.Manypoorpeopleburnfuelslikewoodandanimalwasteinsuchstoves.Scientistssaythecloudofpollutionappearstocoolthelandandoceansbyblockingsunlight.TheysayitreducestheamountofsunlightreachingtheEarth'ssurfacebyasmuchas15percent.Atthesametime,heatinsidethecloudwarmsthelowerpartsoftheatmosphere.Harmfulchemicalsfromthecloudaremixingwithrainfall.Thisacidraindamagescropsandtreesandthreatenspublichealth.Scientistsareconcernedthatthepollutionwillintensifyduringthenext30yearsasthepopulationofAsiaincreasestoanestimated5,000millionpeople.Keys:1.D2.B3.A4.C5.CTask3:MountainregionsfaceanumberofdangersScriptMountainpeoplearoundtheworldareingreatdangerofthenegativeeffectsoftheworseningenvironment,accordingtoaUNreport.Asglobalwarminganddeforestationaccelerateandtechnologymakeswilderplacesmoreaccessible,environmentalandsocialpressureson

12theworld'sremotestregionsincrease.TheUNhasfoundthatmanymountainousregions—inhabitedbyoneoutoffiveoftheworld'speople-arebarelyrecognizablewhentheyarecomparedtowhattheywerelike60yearsago.Thisismostlybecauseforestswerecuttomakewayforcattlegrazingandagriculture.TheauthorsoftheUNstudyexpect98percentofthemountainareastoexperiencesevereclimatechangeby2055.Biologicallossesareexpectedtobeheavy.ThemountainsofEurope,partsofCaliforniaandthenorthwestAndesinSouthAmericaareamongthemostthreatenedmountainareasintheworldandshouldbegivenpriorityinconservation.TheUNisanxioustoraiseawarenessoftheproblemsfacingmountainareasbecausetheyareinhabitedbysomeofthemostvulnerablepeople.Thesepeoplecouldlosetheircultureandtheirlivelihoodwitheventhesmallestshiftsinclimate.Atthesametime,manymountainregionsarelosingpeople.ThousandsofvillagesinEuropearedesertedmostoftheyear.InotherareaslikeNepal,peoplearedriftingtothecitiesinsearchofwork.Keys:(1)negative(2)report(3)warming(4)pressures(5)mountainous(6)barely(7)makewayfor(8)expect98percentofthemountainareastoexperiencesevereclimatechangeby2055(9)TheUNisanxioustoraiseawarenessoftheproblemsfacingmountainareas(10)TheUNisanxioustoraiseawarenessoftheproblemsfacingmountainareasTask1:Santa'shometownindangerScriptWeatherexpertsmayhavefoundanewproblemcausedbyglobalwarming,onewhichmanypeoplewillpayattentionto:TherearesignsthatSanta'shomeintheNorthmaybeintroublebecauseofwarmertemperatures.

13TheFinnishtownofRovaniemiontheArcticCircle,whichmanyEuropeanssayisthehomeofSantaClaus,hashaditswarmestwinterin40years.Asaresult,therehasbeenmuchlesssnowthanusual—meaningnosnowmen,nosnowballs,andpossiblynotenoughsnowforSantatoridehissleighon.Moreimportantforlocalresidents,itmaymeanfewertourists,aswell.Santa'swintryhometownnormallyattractsthousandsofvisitorseachyear,andmillionsofdollars.AnnePelttari-Bergman,thetown'stouristdirector,worriesthatthetowncouldbeintroubleifsnowlevelsdonotreturntonormal.Sheexplains:"Snowisreallyimportantforus,ofcourse,forSantaClaus,forChristmastourism,andalsoforourwintertourismbecausewinterisourbestseason.Itisreallyimportantforus."Weatherexpertsandtownresidentsarehopingthiswarmwinterisanone-timething.FewpeoplecanimagineaholidaywhenevenSantadoesnothaveawhiteChristmas.Keys:(1)signs(2)warmertemperatures(3)warmest(4)snow(5)attracts(6)trouble(7)normal(8)season(9)one-time(10)whiteTask2:TalkafterviewingScriptTheimageofSantaClausflyinginasleighpulledbyreindeerandleavingtoysandgiftsforeverychildisknownworldwide,andSantaClaushasbecomethemostbelovedofChristmassymbols.ButiftheweatheratSanta'shometownweretobecomesowarmthattherewasnomoresnowatChristmas,SantaClauswouldlosehischarm.SosnowisreallyimportantforSantaClaus,forhishometown'sChristmastourism,anditswintertourismaswinteristhebestseasoninSanta'shometown.Unit2testPartI

14Keys:1.C2.C3.B4.C5.DPartII(1)chemicals(2)atmosphere(3)particles(4)trapped(5)lasts(6)human-based(7)progressed(8)EveninAncientRomepeoplecomplainedaboutsmokeputintotheatmosphere(9)Airpollutioncanhaveseriousconsequencesforthehealthofhumanbeings(10)CitieswithlargenumbersofautomobilesorthosethatusegreatquantitiesofcoaloftensuffermostseverelyfromairpollutionproblemsPartIII1.A2.C3.D4.C5.BPartIV1.B2.C3.D4.C5.C6.A7.D8.D9.B10.C

15Uint3CulturemakesmewhatIamTask1:0nthefirstdayCollectivismIndividualismIndividualismCollectivismII.BasicListeningPracticeKeys:1.B2.A3.D4.B5.AIII.ListeningInTask1CompetitioninAmericaKeys:1.C2.A3.C4.B5.DTask2:Howtoselectelectivecourses?Keys:(1)roots(2)what(3)moral(4)diligence(5)sindiligence(6)teachings(7)centuries(8)lfit'sworthdoingatall,it'sworthdoingwell(9)lnEnglishanewwordhasbeencreatedtodescribepeoplewhoworkcompulsively(10)OthersholdthatworkaholicsarevaluablemembersofsocietybecausetheyareextremelyproductiveTask3:Cross-culturaltipsondoingbusinessKeys:1.D2.A3.D4.A5.CIV.SpeakingOutMODEL1MODEL2MODEL3V.Let?~sTalkTask1:InternationalSlaveryMuseumKeys:1.

16(1)transatlanticslavetrade(2)unknownlands(3)dignityorpayment1.(1)rich(2)cottonandsugar2.(1)allovertheworld(2)familyhistory(3)changed3.200thanniversary4.(1)banned(2)takingpartin(3)slavery(4)freedTask2:What'syouranswer?VI.FurtherListeningandSpeakingListeningTask:Taskl:ProblemswithoureducationalsystemScript:ToAmericans,punctualityisawayofshowingrespectforotherpeople'stime.Beingmorethan10minuteslatetoanappointmentusuallycallsforanapologyandmaybeanexplanation.Peoplewhoarerunninglateoftencallaheadtoletothersknowofthedelay.Ofcourse,thelessformalthesituation,thelessimportantitistobeexactlyontime.Atinformalget-togethers,forexample,peopleoftenarriveasmuchas30minutespasttheappointedtime.Buttheyusuallydon'ttrythatatwork.Americanlifestylesshowhowmuchpeoplerespectthetimeofothers.Whenpeopleplananevent,theyoftensetthetimedaysorweeksinadvance.Oncethetimeisfixed,ittakesalmostanemergencytochangeit.Ifpeoplewanttocometoyourhouseforafriendlyvisit,theywillusuallycallfirsttomakesureitisconvenient.

17Onlyveryclosefriendswilljust"dropin"unannounced.Also,peoplehesitatetocallotherslateatnightforfeartheymightalreadybeinbed.Thetimemayvary,butmostpeoplethinktwiceaboutcallingafter10:00p.m.Tooutsiders,Americansseemtiedtotheclock.PeopleinsomeEasternculturesvaluerelationshipsmorethanschedules.Inthesesocieties,peopledon'ttrytocontroltime,buttoexperienceit.ManyEasterncultures,forexample,viewtimeasacycle.Therhythmofnature—fromthepassingofseasonstothemonthlycycleofthemoon—shapestheirviewofevents.Iftheyhavewastedsometimeorletanopportunitypassby,theyarenotveryworried,knowingthatmoretimeandopportunitieswillcomeinthenextcycle.ButAmericansoftenwanttojumpatthefirstopportunity.Theyareunwillingtostandbyidlyandgiveuptheopportunity.TheearlyAmericanheroBenjaminFranklinexpressedthatviewoftimelikethis:"Doyoulovelife?Thendonotwastetime,forthatisthestufflifeismadeof."Keys:1.C2.B3.A4.C5.DTask2:OurpersonalspaceScriptOurpersonalspace,thatpieceoftheuniverseweoccupyandcallourown,iscontainedwithinaninvisibleboundarysurroundingourbody.Astheownersofthisarea,weusuallydecidewhomayenterandwhomaynot.Whenourspaceisinvaded,wereactinavarietyofways.Webackupandretreat,standourgroundasourhandsbecomemoistfromnervousness,orsometimesevenreactviolently.Ourresponseshowsnotonlyouruniquepersonality,butalsoourculturalbackground.Forexample,culturesthatstressindividualismsuchasEngland,theUnitedStates,Germany,andAustralia,generallydemandmorespacethancollectiveculturesdo,andtendtobecomeaggressivewhentheirspaceisinvaded.ThisideaofspaceisquitedifferentfromtheonefoundintheMexicanandArabcultures.InMexico,thephysicaldistancebetweenpeoplewhenengagedinconversationiscloserthanwhatisusualnorthoftheborder.AndforMiddleEasterners,typicalArabconversationsareatcloserange.Closenesscannotbeavoided.Asisthecasewithmostofourbehavior,ouruseofspaceisdirectlylinkedtothevaluesystemofourculture.InsomeAsiancultures,forexample,employeesdonotstandneartheirbosses;theextendeddistance

18demonstratesrespect.ExtrainterpersonaldistanceisalsopartoftheculturalexperienceofthepeopleofScotlandandSweden,forwhomitreflectsprivacy.AndinGermany,privatespaceissacred.Keys:1.A2.B3.A4.B5.BTask3:Wedon'tknowwhattodowiththem.ScriptARussian,aCuban,anAmericanbusinessman,andanAmericanlawyerwerepassengersonafasttrainspeedingacrosstheFrenchcountryside.Astimeworeon,theygraduallybecamefriendlywithoneanother,introducingthemselvesandshakinghands.Eventually,theRussiantookoutalargebottleofvodkaandpouredeachofhistravelingcompanionsadrink.JustastheAmericanbusinessmanwassippingthevodkaandpraisingitsfinequality,theRussianhurledthehalf-fullbottleoutoftheopenwindow."Whatdidyoudothatfor?"askedthestartledAmericanbusinessman."Vodkaisplentifulinmycountry,"saidtheRussian."Infact,wehavethousandsandthousandsoflitersofit—farmorethanweneed."TheAmericanbusinessmanshookhisheadandleanedbackinhisseat,obviouslybaffledbytheRussian'sreasoning.Alittlelater,theyoungCubanpassedaroundaboxoffineHavanacigars.ThemenenjoyedthistreatandmadeadmiringremarksaboutthepleasureofsmokinggoodHavanacigars.AtthatverymomenttheCubantookacoupleofpuffsofhiscigarandthentosseditoutoftheopenwindow."IthoughttheCubaneconomywasnotgoodthisyear,"theAmericanbusinessmansaid."Yetyouthrewthatperfectlygoodcigaraway.Ifindyouractionsquitepuzzling.""Cigars,"theCubanreplied,"areadimeadozeninCuba.Wehavemoreofthemthanweknowwhattodowith."TheAmericanbusinessmansatinsilenceforamoment.Thenhegotup,grabbedthelawyer,andthrewhimoutofthewindow.Keys:1.TheRussianhurledthehalf-fullbottleofvodkaoutoftheopenwindow.2.Heanswered,"Vodkaisplentifulinmycountry.Infact,wehavethousandsandthousandsoflitersofit—farmorethanweneed."3.Thebusinessmansaid,"IthoughttheCubaneconomywasnotgoodthisyear.Yetyouthrewthatperfectlygoodcigaraway.Ifindyouractionsquitepuzzling."4.Hereplied,"CigarsareadimeadozeninCuba.Wehavemoreof

19themthanweknowwhattodowith."4.TheAmericanbusinessmansatinsilenceforamoment.Thenhegotup,grabbedthelawyer,andthrewhimoutofthewindow.HedidthatprobablybecausehethoughtthereweretoomanylawyersintheUnitedStates.Viewingandspeaking:Task1:RevivingtheimageofteaKeys:(1)disappearing(2)kicking(3)teashop(4)imagecrisis(5)update(6)compete(7)fast(8)productdesigners(9)contacts(10)similar(11)want(12)challenge(13)consumer(14)traditionalTask2:TalkafterviewingScriptAspeoplebecomeespressofiendsandcappuccinoconnoisseurs,thetraditionalBritishteaarebeingkickedoffthemenubydesignercoffees.Unit3testPartIKeys:1.B2.C3.B4.B5.DPartII(1)values(2)purpose(3)true(4)Nowhere(5)equality(6)races(7)laboratory(8)AlthoughEdwardsspecificallymentionsyoungmen,youngwomenalsocompeteinorganizedsportswithoutregardtotheirraceoreconomicbackground

20(1)ManyAmericansbelievethatlearninghowtowininsportshelpsdevelopthehabitsnecessarytocompetesuccessfullyinlaterlife(2)thecompetitiveethictaughtinsportsmustbelearnedandcultivatedinyouthforthefuturesuccessofAmericanbusinessandmilitaryeffortsPartIII1.C2.A3.B4.D5.DPartIV1.D2.B3.A4.D5.D6.C7.A8.B9.B10.AUnit4TastethesweetsandbittersoffamilylifeLeadin>Task1SingleparentExtendedfamilyDINKfamilyNuclearfamilyfamilyBasiclisteningpractice1-5CABCDListeningin>Task1Correctanswer

21(1)Typical(2)known(3)Generally(4)Find(5)apartment(6)sole(7)principal(8)Dual-earnerfamiliesarethepredominanttypeforfamilieswithchildrenintheUnitedStates(9)adequatedaycareofchildrenisnecessaryfordual-earnerfamilies(10)companiesaregettinginvolvedinthearrangementofdaycareListeningin>Task21-5BAABAListeningin>Task31-5AAADCLet，stalk>Task1Correctanswer(1)cry

22⑵relief⑶strong(4)understanding(5)angry(6)left(7)wondering(8)five(9)sad(10)stress(11)friends(12)helps(13)Christmas(14)cousins(15)presentsLefstalk>Task21Shefeltitwasverytraumatizing,butinotherwaysitwasarelieftojusttalkaboutit.2Shefeltitwasverytraumatizing,butinotherwaysitwasarelieftojusttalkaboutit..Shetalkstoherfriendsorinvitesthemforasleepover.Theydolotsofsillyandfunthingstogether3(fakeFurtherlisteningandspeaking>Furtherlistening>Task1YouranswerCorrectanswer(1)divorceherhusbanddivorceherhusband(2)irresponsibleirresponsible(3)changingjobschangingjobs(4)stabilitystability(5)billsbills(6)povertylinepoverty1ine(7)apartmentapartment(8)yellsatyellsat(9)callshimnamescallshimnames(10)halfhalf

23Correctanswer(1)⑵(3)(4)(5)(6)⑺(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)thelastwordremarriagefailurespictureeighttimeswifedatinglonelinessandanxietysecondresponsetoherlukewarmwarmedupacceptedripeblendedintoright1-5BCADCTask3Furtherlisteningandspeaking>Viewingandspeaking>Task1Correctanswer⑴⑵⑶(4)⑸(6)⑺(8)(9)(10)Lovelysimilarroomapologizechildrenpatiencelistenangrymedicinefantastic1fake2fake3Afteraquarrelwithmyparents,Ioftenfeelregret.Itendtothinkaboutallthecareand.concerntheyshoweredonmeinthepast,andthenIwilltrymybesttomakeupwiththembyallmeansSometimesIwillsimplyapologizetothemorgivethemabighugsothatwecanquicklyforgetalltheproblems.Iftheyaretooangry,Imaydosomehousechoressuch

24astidyinguptheroomormakingamealwhilewaitingfortheirfurytocalmdown.Alternatively,Iwillbuyagifttheyliketopleasethem.Asalastresort,Iwillaskmygrandparentstocometopersuademyparentsoutoftheirrage.亲们我用好多错误换来的答案。。。。1-5DADCCCorrectanswer(1)at⑵wheel⑶tone(4)expression⑸Honey(6)divorce⑺speed(8)IdontwantyoutotrytotalkmeoutofitbecauseIdontloveyouanymore(9)Iwantthebankaccounts,andallthecreditcards,too(10)No,rvegoteverythingIneed1-5CABDA1-5ADBCA6-10CABCD

25Unit5HerearetheseasonstoenjoyLeadin>Task1DragonBoatFestivalChristmasLanternFestivalSpringFestivalThanksgivingValentine'sDayHalloweenMid-AutumnFestivalBasiclisteningpractice1=5CABCCListeningin>Task11-5DCDABListeningin>Task21-5ABABAListeningin>Task3Correctanswer

26(1)⑵⑶⑷(5)(6)⑺(8)(9)(10)buyofficewearlikescatspettimespecialdishlittlepartylittletripcountryside•Let'stalk>Task1(5)where'sthebestplacetocelebratethatishereinTimesSquare(2)westayhereandsayhelloandenjoytheparty(7)IalwayswantedtodonewyearsinNewYorkCity(4)we,reheretowatchtheballdrop(8)Ijustwanttobearoundthepeopleandthe1ightsandeverything(1)we'restandinghereuntiltheballdrops(6)Weneedlove,alotoflove(3)IjustwanttowisheverybodyahappynewyearLet's2Themainmessagesofthiswoman*swordsare“love"and"goodwishes**.Shethinksthere*stoomuchhateintheworldandweneedalotoflove.Theyrepresentuniversalhumanfeelings,andthereforearesharedinChinesepeople'scelebrationoftheNewYear'sDay.3(fakeFurtherlisteningandspeaking>Furtherlistening>Task11-5ADCBCFurtherlisteningandspeaking>Furtherlistening>Task2

27Correctanswer(1)celebration(2)popular(3)American(4)died(5)remarrying(6)daughter(7)1900s(8)thetraditionwasborn,onthethirdSundayeveryJune,closetotheanniversaryofSonora，sfather*sdeath(9)Thecardprobablyhasanicemessageonitsayingwhatagreatdadtheirfatheris(10)Britishpeoplemightgivetheirdadabitofarest—makehimacupoftea,orevenwashhiscarandmowthelawnTask31Hethoughtthatifmenwerenotmarried,theywouldnotmindjoiningthearmy.Sohepassedalawtoforbidanymoremarriages.2Hekeptonperformingmarriageceremonies,secretly.3Theycametothejailtovisithim.Theythrewflowersandnotesuptohiswindow.4Shewasoneofthoseyoungpeopleandthedaughteroftheprisonguard5Beforehewaskilled,Valentineleftthegirlalittlenotethankingherforherfriendshipandloyalty.Hesigned,'*LovefromyourValentine.*'Thatnotestartedthecustom.Furtherlisteningandspeaking>Viewingandspeaking>Task1Correctanswer(1)fun(2)headache(3)150(4)twomillion/2million

28(5)feeling(6)atmosphere⑺traditional-looking(8)lights(9)regulations(10)family(11)translates(12)children(13)mostfamous(14)different(15)spreadsTask21Becausethe400-year-oldmarkethas150stallsthatsellallkindsoftoys,gifts,andspecialfoods.2There*ssomethingquitemedievalabouttheatmosphereatthemarket.Therearequitealotofold,traditional-lookingstallsandacathedralinthebackgroundwithlightsallaround.Sometimes,thebrassbandplaysChristmascarols.Clearly,themarketmaintainsitsOldWorldatmosphere.3fake.CACDDCorrectanswer⑴⑵⑶(4)⑸(6)⑺(8)hangremainssymbolperformedwhatthatrepresentBytheyear1600,someGermansbeganbringingevergreentreesintotheirhomes.Theyputfruit,nutsandsweetsonthetreesTheysayhedidthistoshowhowwonderfulthestarshadappearedtohimashetraveledonenight(10)TheChristmastreetraditionspreadtomanypartsoftheworld.Today,someformofChristmastreeispartofmostChristmascelebrations

29DABCDCABCCABDACUnit6Herearetipsforfindingajob.Leadin>Task111thinkmanypeopleprefertofindajobthattheyreallylike.Afterall,mostpeoplewanttoenjoythemselvesratherthanhaveplentyofmoneywithoutasenseofachievementandhappiness.Ontheotherhand,somepeoplemaychooseawell-paidjobinsteadofajobclosetotheirheartoutoffinancialconsiderations.Ifoneisinseriousfinancialdifficulty,onecanhardlyaffordtheluxuryofadreamjob21thinkitis.Althoughmanyemployerslayemphasisoncandidates，educationalbackgroundandworkexperience,somebelievethatcandidates,characterisequallyimportantforasuccessfulcareer.Forexample,incontemporarysociety,manyprojectsrequirethecoordinationofagroupofpeopleratherthanasingleperson*sefforts.Therefore,agoodteamplayerisoftenwelcome.3Tostartwith,theinterviewersmayaskyouaboutyoureducationtoseeifyouhavethebasicknowledgerequiredforthejobyouareapplyingfor.

30Perhapsmostofthemwillaskyouaboutyourworkexperienceinthisfieldtoseeifyouhavethenecessaryskillsforthejobyouhaveinmind.Theymayalsoaskaboutyourcharacter,weaknessesandstrengthstofindoutwhatkindofpersonyouare.Theymayevenaskyousomethingthatisnotdirectlyrelatedtothejob.YouranswerstendtoshowyourintelligencelevelandcommunicationskillsBasiclisteningpracticeCDACBListeningin>Task11-7ABAABAAListeningin>Task21-5BCCADListeningin>Task31-5CAACBLet*stalk>Task1Correctanswer(1)900(2)customercalls(3)70(4)humanresources(5)supported(6)customer-facing(7)place(8)two(9)rightpeople(lO)realisticLet，stalk>Task2(3)Candidateshaveatelephoneinterviewthatwouldlastsomewhereintheregionof15minutes.

31(2)Candidatescometohaveatourofthecentre.Theygettoseetherole,seehowitfeels,andfeelthecultureofthecompany.(1)Candidatescompleteanapplicationform.(4)Candidateshaveatwo-hourassessmentconsistingofarole-playwhichlooksattheircustomerserviceabilityandacompetencyinterview.•Let'stalk>Task31T-MobileisasubsidiaryofDeutscheTelecom;itisDeutscheTelecom'sglobalmobilephoneoperation.Thereare900peopleworkingatthecompany'scallcentre;760ofthemareemployedinhandlingcustomercallsandtheyaremanagedby70teammanagersand10operationsmanagers.Generallyspeaking,Iprefertoworkforalargecompanybecauseitoftenhasagoodreputation,islesslikelytogobankrupt,ensuresyouafairlystablejob,andsometimesgivesyouagoodsalary.ButImaynotsay"no"toasmallcompanyifIcanassumemoreresponsibilities,havemoreopportunitiesforcareerdevelopmentandpromotion,orreceiveahighersalary.2lnarole-playthecompanyrecruiterscanlookatthecandidates'abilitiesandpotential.Toprepareforsucharole-play,basicallyIcandotwothings.Tobeginwith,IwillmakealistofthetasksrequiredbythejobaswellasalistofthethingsIcansayanddoinordertodemonstratemycustomerserviceability.Moreover,Icanaskfriendsandfamilymemberstotakepartinarole-playwithmesothatIcanbecomefamiliarwiththesituationandfindoutmyproblems.Icanalsovideotapetherole-playtofurtheridentifyproblemsandmakeimprovement.Furtherlisteningandspeaking>Furtherlistening>Task1Correctanswer(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)coastimpressedshippingcompanycargocommunicationskillsessentialassetteamspiritherageherparentsFurtherlisteningandspeaking>Furtherlistening>Task2

321-5BAABATask31-5CCBADFurtherlisteningandspeaking>Viewingandspeaking>Task1Correctanswer(1)selection(2)pressure(3)marketing(4)interview(5)business(6)nervous⑺laugh(8)redundant(9)difficult(10)sackingFurtherlisteningandspeaking>Viewingandspeaking>Task21Theinterviewermustmaketheintervieweefeelateasebecauseotherwiseheorshemightendupinhiringsomeonewhoiscompletelywrongforthebusiness.Imightdothefollowingtomakemyselflessnervousinaninterview:—Iwillclosemyeyesforawhileandtakeadeepbreath.Also,I'lltrytosmileabittomakemyselffeelbetter.—Beforetheinterview,Ishouldgetfullyprepared.Iwillfamiliarizemyselfwiththeusualquestionsandappropriateanswers.Also,Iwillcollectalotof

33informationaboutthecompanyIwanttojoinanditsrequirementsfortheadvertisedposition.WhenIamequippedwithsufficientinformation,Iwillfeelmoreconfidentandlessnervous.—Iwon*ttreattheinterviewtooseriously.EvenifIfail,itdoesnotmeantheendoftheworld,andIstillhavefurtheropportunitieselsewhere.—Imighthavesimulatedinterviewswithmyfellowstudentsorfamilymembers.WhenIbecomemorefamiliarwiththeinterviewprocedure,Iwillbelessafraid.2Theyshouldbeverycompassionatebecauseitissomeone'slivelihoodthattheyaredealingwith.Andifpossible,theycouldwriteanewCVforthelaid-offpeopletohelpthemfindanewjob.Imaytrytoencouragethelaid-offworkersbysaying,*'Youaresointelligent;youwillfindabetterjobsoonerorlater.Ifpossible,Iwillrecommendthelaid-offstoothercompanies3Tobeginwith,Iwillcalmdownandthinkaboutmyweaknessesandwaystoovercomethem.IcanthinkaboutmystrengthsandhowIcanmakeuseoftheminmyfuturejob-seeking.Iwillupdatemyresumeandtrytofindanewjob.Iwillcallmyfriendsandrelativestoseeifanyofthemcanhelpmelandajob.IfIcan'tfindasuitablejobnow,IwillconsideratrainingcoursethatcanupdatemyskillssothatIwillbecomemorecompetitiveinthejobmarket.TestCBCDCCorrectanswer(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)iceExamplesparkingresponseprovideimpressionagesIfthisistheplacewhereyouwouldbeworking,theywouldautomaticallybeworriedthatyouwillbelateforworkeverydayTheymightbehistorical

34questionsregardingyourpreviousemploymentoreducation(10)Makeastatement,thensupportitbygivinganexampleofasituationandhowyouhandleditCBACDDABCBCAADCUnit7Whydon'twestartabusinessofourown?Leadin>Task1L略Basiclisteningpractice1-5BCABC

35Correctanswer(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)receptionnewconnectionsdistributedgreenhandbusinesscardstalkbusinesscardfollowupmoregroundpieceofcakeListeningin>Task21-5CBBADListeningin>Task3Correctanswer(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)technology-orientedhigherreturnsoptionsVenturecapitalcashfoundersbusinessideaspotentialintellectualpropertyprotection(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)100percent/100%creatorsstock$16.5millionfailurerateLet'stalk>Task1Correctanswer(1)rapidgrowth(2)shock(3)large

36(4)⑸(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)shotuphardopportunitiesdifferentstablemoneyownLet'stalk>Task2•1HethoughttherewerenotenoughopportunitiestouseallhisabilitiesbecauseSamsungisamassiveorganization.Besides,hewantedtotrysomethingdifferentfromworkinginabigcompany.2Hecanmakemoremoneyandtherewon'tbemanytroubles.Alsotherewon'tbeanybodylookingoverhisshoulderFurtherlisteningandspeaking>Furtherlistening>Task11-5DCCACFurtherlisteningandspeaking>Furtherlistening>Task2BABBAFurtherlisteningandspeaking>Furtherlistening>Task3CBDCAFurtherlisteningandspeaking>Viewingandspeaking>Task1略Furtherlisteningandspeaking>Viewingandspeaking>Task21KraftistryingtoacquireortakeoverCadbury.2Cadburyisawonderfuliconicbusinesswithremarkablemarketpositionsandgreatpositionsingrowthmarketswhichisdeliveringforitsshareholderstoday.Ithasnostrategicissues,nofinancialissuesandnomanagerialissues.

373ltdepends.Iftheacquiringcompanyisaneconomicallystrongoneandmakesusagoodoffer,Iwouldbeonlytoogladtoseetheproposedtakeover.Ontheotherhand,iftheacquiringcompanydoesnotthinkoursmallcompanyisworthalotandtheshareholders1interestsareaffected,thenIwouldcertainlybeagainstthetakeover.PartIADDCDPart11Correctanswer(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)resultingdemandontrendselderlytrendpet-relatedLookatexistingbusinessesandtheproductsandservicestheyoffer,andthendetermineifthere'saneedformoreofthoseproductsorservices(9)Keepanopenmindandcontinuetoassesseverythingyoureadandhearfromabusinesspointofview(10)Dream,think,plan,andyou'11bereadytotransformthatbusinessideaintothebusinessyou'vealwayswanted

38CBDACBDBCABDCDDUnit8Hereisadarkersideofsociety.Leadin>Task11Somepeoplethinksmokingmakesthemrelax.Somepeoplesmokejustbecauseallthosearoundthemsmoke.Someyoungpeopleeventhinksmokingiscool.Smokingisharmfultoone,shealth.Itcanleadtomanydiseases.Long-termsmokingmayresultinlungdiseases,orevenlungcancer.Also,someheavysmokersmaysufferfrombreathingdifficulty,highbloodpressure,hearttrouble,amongstotherdisease.Moreover,cigarettescostmoney.2Yes.Thefamily-planningorone-childpolicyisoneofthereasons.What'smore,therapid

39economicdevelopment,continuousincreasesinlivingstandardsandtheimprovedmedicalservicehaveallcontributedtotheincreasingaverage1ifespan.Thiscancausealotofproblems.Fewyoungpeoplehavetosupportmoreoldpeople.Thelargerelderlypopulationrequiresmoresocialsecurityspending,specialpublicfacilitiessuchashomesfortheelderlyandnursinghomes,andmoremedicalservices,whichareaheavyburdenonsociety.Todealwiththechallenges,wemustdevelopoureconomytoaccumulatemorefundssoastoestablishasoundsocialsecuritysystemandold-ageinsurancesystem.Wealsoneedtoestablishmorepublicfacilitiesforseniorcitizens.3Povertymayleadtomanyproblems.Becauseofashortageofmoney,sickpeoplecan'taffordtogotothehospital,childrencan'taffordtogotoschool,andsomejoblesspeoplelivefarbelowthepovertyline.Worsestill,someneedypeoplemaybecomesodesperatethattheyhatesocietyandcommitcrimesorsuicide.Povertycanbeeliminatedbygeneratingmoreemployment,raisingthelevelofeducation,drawingupontheresourcesofeverysocialinstitutions,etc.4Beforeunemployedpeoplecanfindanewjob,theirbasiclivingstandardshouldbemet.Generallyspeaking,mostpeopleprefertofindajobratherthanliveonahandout.Soitisimportantforthemtobetrainedforreemployment.Thegovernmentshouldoffertrainingprogramstoupdatetheirskillssothattheywillbecomecompetitiveinthejobmarketagain.BasiclisteningpracticeCCBADBACCDListeningin>Task2CDCBCListeningin>Task3Correctanswer(1)49(2)firstbirthday(3)healthcaresystems(4)reduce(5)expenses(6)increasing(7)lower(8)faster

40(1)education(2)reducepoverty(3)moreopportunities(4)livebetter(5)socialladderLet*stalk>Task1Correctanswer(1)easier(2)loneliness(3)passedaway(4)brain(5)healthproblems(6)younger(7)doctor(8)assumption(9)history(10)attitudesLet*stalk>Task21Bereavement.Hermumpassedawaylastyear,andthathasleftabigholeinherlife.2Theyhavechronichealthproblems,butunlikeyoungeraddicts,theyarelesslikelytooverdose,sotheydon'tappearonanyone'sradar.Doctorsassumethatpensionersdon'tdodrugs,sotheyrefusetogivethemtreatment.3(fakeFurtherlisteningandspeaking>Furtherlistening>Task1BACBCFurtherlisteningandspeaking>Furtherlistening>Task21Shethinksmanyofthebigspendersonlotteryticketsarepoor;theyspendmoneytheycan'taffordtospend.2Hejustbuyslotteryticketsforfun.Hethinksifhewonahugeamount,itwouldbeexciting.3Theybuylotteryticketsoutofdesperation.Alsothethrillofawin,ofsomethingfornothing,isaddictive.4Casinosareopeningeverywhere,manypeoplegoongamblingonholidays,andonecaneven

41takeagamblingcruise.5ltwillbehelpfulforhabitualgamblersonlywhentheywanttobecuredthemselves.Furtherlisteningandspeaking>Furtherlistening>Task3CDABAFurtherlisteningandspeaking>Viewingandspeaking>Task1Correctanswer(1)condition(2)dignity(3)fire(4)further(5)distinction(6)status(7)prosperity(8)fate(9)Answering(10)missionFurtherlisteningandspeaking>Viewingandspeaking>Task21Becausepeaceisaconditionforeverymemberofthehumanfamilytolivealifeofdignityandsecurity.2ThemissionoftheUnitedNationsinthenewcenturyistoanswertheneedsofindividualhumanbeingsinneed.3Thegovernmentofpoorcountriesshoulddevelopitseconomysothatitspeoplecanenjoyanincreasinglybetterlife.Topromotecontinuouseconomicdevelopment,itshouldalsotrytoimprovethecountry'sstandardofeducation,scienceandtechnologyaswellastocreateaharmonioussocietyfeaturingfairnessandequality.TheUnitedNationsshouldencouragedevelopednationstorenderhelptodevelopingcountriesbecausehumanityisindivisibleandeverymemberofthehumanfamilyshouldhavetheopportunitytolivealifeofdignityandsecurity.Onlyinthiswaycanweeliminatetherootcausesofterrorism.TestCBADDYour.Correctansweranswer

42(1)habit(2)crucial(3)among(4)decade(5)did(6)issues(7)adult(8)teensgetturnedoffifyouaskthemalotofdirectquestions(9)Thefirstphonecallgenerallytakesabout45minutes,withdiscussionaboutwhytheteenbegansmokingandtheextentofthehabit(10)Now260teenswhohaveparticipatedintheprogramarebeingfollowedABCBD

43CBACBABCDCUnit9Whatmodeoftraveldoyouprefer?Leadin>Task1planebiketruck/lorryCorrectanswer:Correctanswer:Correctanswer:planebiketruck/lorryshipbusmotorcycleCorrectanswer:Correctanswer:Correctanswer:shipbusmotorcyclesubway/undergroundCorrectanswer:subway/undergroundBasiclisteningpracticeCBCDAListeningin>Task1

44Correctanswersecuritycheckssearchedfearcarry-onscheckinggreaterseized(8)digitalcamera(9)takepictures(10)bags(11)onhisway(12)strangeListeningin>Task2ACCDDListeningin>Task3ABDDALetfstalk>Task11.WhatdidtheteamatBritannicChailengeHQdecide?YouranswerCorrectanswer¢1)closeclose(2)12.9miles12.9miles⑶dreameddreamed2.WhatdoesDavidHempleman-Adamssay?Correctanswerexhaustedcupoftea3.WhatdidHempleman-Adamsdoafter90hoursintheairwithbarelyanysleep?Correctanswerabandonsetdownlow4.WhatdoesateammembersayaboutHempleman-Adams?CorrectanswerPoleflyover

451.Whatishappeningthisevening?Correctanswer(1)on(2)fastasleepLefstalk>Task21Yes,ofcourseitisdangerous.Iftheballoonbursts,Iwouldplungetothegroundandbedead.Also,Imightbefrozentodeathatnightiftheheatingequipmentfails2Idon'twanttoflythereonaballoon.Afterall,suchaflightisreallymeaningless,andIwon'tgetanybenefitsfromit3(fakeFurtherlisteningandspeaking>Furtherlistening>Task1Correctanswer(1)acoupleofhours(2)lessthananhour(3)fare(4)regularpassengers(5)convenient(6)thesameday(7)conditionsofaircraft(8)accidents(9)largequantitiesofcargo(10)farawayFurtherlisteningandspeaking>Furtherlistening>Task2DCDAB

46Furtherlisteningandspeaking>Furtherlistening>Task31.Whatwasonepilot'swelcomemessage?YouranswerCorrectanswer(1)bestbest(2)noneofthemnoneofthem2.Wh;itdidapilotsaywhenh(?advis(?dthepassengerstostayinsidetheplane?YouranswerCorrectanswer(1)landland⑵wingswings3.1ncaseofemergency,shouldaduItsfirstsavethemso1vesortheirchi1dren?CorrectanswersmallchiIdrenbeforeWhatdidtheSouthwestAiriinesemployeesayaboutthis?Youranswer(1)smallchiIdren(2)before4.Whatdidaflightattendantimplybysaying"CaptainKangaroobouncesustotheterminalz，?Correctanswersmoothly5.Howdidanattendantwarnthepassengersnottoleaveanythingbehind?Correctanswer(1)distributedevenly(2)cleanit

47Furtherlisteningandspeaking>Viewingandspeaking>Task1Correctanswer(1)(2)(3)(4)⑸(6)⑺(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)landingfollowedheadedpresentsucceededarrestedpublishattentionhappenedcheeringchargedroppedhumorousmissedgetbackFurtherlisteningandspeaking>Viewingandspeaking>Task21Ithinkheshouldbepunished;otherwisepeoplemightfollowsuitandalsovisitBuckinghamPalacewithoutapproval,causingdisorder.Buthedoesnotdeserveaseverepunishmentbecausehedidnothaveacriminalintentanddidnotcauseaseriousproblem.2Paraglidingmaybethemostexcitingformofflying,butitseemstometobeabitdangerous.Stayinginahelicopterissaferandyoucanenjoythescenerymoreclearlythaninaplane.Flyingbyplane,youcanhardlyseeanythinginteresting,butyoucantravelmorequicklyandcomfortablytodistantplaces.Personally,Iwouldliketoflyinahelicopterforboththefunandthesafety.TestCDCBCCorrectanswertinyidentitymaintainfuelYouranswer(1)(2)(1)(4)(5)networks(6)insurance

48(5)external(6)Ticketpricesincludeanumberoffees,taxes(7)Ifairlinescarrypassengerswithoutproperdocumentsonaninternationalflight,theyareresponsibleforcarryingthembacktotheoriginatingcountry(8)Whileairlinesasawholeearned6%returnoncapitalemployed,airportsearned10%CABDCABDCBDBADBUnit10Withafailingmemory,youmeetalotofnewpeople.Leadin>Task11-5AAABA6-10ABAAABasiclisteningpracticeCDABCListeningin>Task11-5BCDCA

49CorrectanswerbrainnerveconnectionsmusicalinstrumentyourbrainbloodcirculationvegetablesProtectandsupporthealthysugarmemorylossnervefunctionstobaccoImproverememberingtemporaryABBABListeningin>Task3Youranswer(1)brain(2)nerveconnections(3)musicalinstrument(4)yourbrain(5)bloodcirculation(6)vegetables(7)Protectandsupport(8)healthy(9)sugar(10)(11)(12)(13)Improve(14)remembering(15)temporaryLet'stalk>Task1YouranswerCorrectanswer(1)memorypowermemorypower⑵testtest⑶newnew(4)sawsaw⑸verdictverdict(6)secondsseconds⑺memories(8)endure(9)volunteers(10)staringstaring(11)1000010,000/10000(12)slideshowslideshow(13)70%70percent/70%(14)loselose(15)wherewhere

501Totestthememorypowerofourbrains.270percent.I*mafraidIdon'tagree.Howmuchwecanrememberthethingsweseedependsonmanyfactors.Forme,ImayrememberonlyasmallproportionoftheitemsIsawiftherearemanyitems.3Apersonwithagoodmemorycanlearnwell,workefficiently,andrememberkindnessesreceived.Aforgetfulpersonmayeasilyforgetdailyworries,forgiveothersfortheiroffenses,andforgetsadthingsFurtherlisteningandspeaking>Furtherlistening>Task1ABDDCFurtherlisteningandspeaking>Furtherlistening>Task2Correctanswer(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)excellentmarksprinciplespictureAssociationfamiliarwithConsolidationalreadylearned16/sixteenDistributedPracticeshortermuscleexerciseFurtherlisteningandspeaking>Furtherlistening>Task31Maybewecan*trememberthename.2Wecanrepeatthenamebacktothepersontohelpusstorethenameinour"memorybank3Wecanrepeatthename.Inaddition,wecanvisualizesomethingdifferent,unusual,orridiculousabouttheperson'sappearance,position,oractionsthattiesinwithhisorhername.4Thedescriptiveinformationononesideofthecardandthenameontheotherside.

515Wecanlookatitrepeatedly,seeingthe"picture"inourmind*seyeaswelookatthename;orwhenweseethename,visualizethe"picture"wehaveassignedtothename.Furtherlisteningandspeaking>Viewingandspeaking>Task1Correctanswer(1)(2)⑶(4)⑸(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)intelligentpaintingsshowncoverincludinglocalatmosphereuniquepaintermouthFurtherlisteningandspeaking>Viewingandspeaking>Task2AtMarineWorld,U.S.A.,agroupofdolphinsweretaughttopickupthetrashintheirpoolandbringittotheirtrainerforafishreward.Onedolphinseemedtobegettingmoretrashthantheothers.Itwasdiscoveredthatthedolphinhadhiddentrashandwouldtearapieceoffforhisreward,andthenreturnandtearoffanotherpieceforanotherrewardTestPartIBCBCDPart11damagesymptomssharpinvolvedfitnessCorrectanswer(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)mind(7)over

52(6)Theyalsomayrememberthingsbetterbymentallyconnectingthemtoothermeaningfulthings(7)Stress,anxiety,ordepressioncanmakeapersonmoreforgetful(8)muchpainandsufferingcanbeavoidedifolderpeople,theirfamily,andtheirdoctorsrecognizedementiaasadiseasePartIIIBCBADPartIVBCACDCBABD