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1、FairnessandPsychologicalGames15OneofthemostfascinatingreadsistheclassictaleofEdmondDantesfoundinAlexandreDumas’TheCountofMonteCristo.Asayoungsailor,Danteshasapromisingfutureahead.Heappearstobeinlineforpromotiontocaptain,heisengagedtoabeautifulandlovingwoman,andheappearstobeverynearachie
2、vingthegoalsthatwillmakehimhappy.Butjustasheisabouttorealizehisdreams,threejealouscompetitorsconspiretohavehimfalselyarrestedandimprisonedforhightreason.Afterspendingyearsinprison,Dantesgivesuphopeanddecidestostarvehimselftodeath.Atthispoint,anolderprisoner,AbbeFaria,accidentlytunnelsin
3、toDantes’cellinafailedattempttoescape.Theybecomefastfriends,andFariausestheirtimenotonlytoinstructDantesinhighculture,science,andlanguagesbutalsotosharewithhimthelocationofanenormousfortunethatawaitsDantesshouldheeversuccessfullyescape.AfterFariadies,Dantessucceedsinescaping,andhefindsth
4、eseeminglyinexhaustiblefortuneFariahadtoldhimof.Atthispoint,aperfectlyselfishpersonwouldtakethemoneyandlivethemostopulentlifeimaginable.Someonemotivatedbyaltruismmighttakehisfortuneandusesomeforhisownenjoymentandalsouseasubstantialamounttoenrichthelivesofhislostloveorotherunfortunatefrie
5、ndsfromhispriorlife.Infact,DantesdoesgiveananonymousgiftofcashtotheMorrelfamily,whohadstoodbyhimthroughouthistroubles.However,heusestheremainderofhisfortunetoexacttheslowestandmostpainfulrevengehecanoneachoftheconspiratorswhohadputhiminprison—oneofwhomisnowmarriedtohisformerfiancée.Ateac
6、hturnoftheknife,thereaderfeelssomehowvictoriousandhappythattheconspiratorsreceivetheirjustrewardforvilevillainyagainsttheinnocent,thoughDantesseemstobecomelessandlessthehero.Thenotionofaltruismprovidesaverysimplisticviewofhowpeopledealwithoneanother.Intruth,wedonotalwayshaveothers’besti
7、nterestatheart.Insomecases,weevenseektoharmothersatourownexpense.Amongthemostextremeexamplesofthisaresuicidebomberswhogivetheirlivesinthehopethattheycaninjureorkillothers.Theseactionsareclearlyincongruouswitheithertheselfishdecisionmakerorthealtruisticdecisionmaker.Moreover,itse
