approaching space in tiriy grammar

《approaching space in tiriy grammar》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在工程资料-天天文库。

1、9ApproachingspaceinTiriy´ogrammarSergioMeira´9.1Introduction:Tiriy´oanditsspeakersTiriy´oisalanguageoftheTaranoan(Tiriy´o)subbranchoftheCaribanlanguagefamily(Kaufman1994,Gildea1998,Derbyshire1999,Meira1999a).Ithasapproximately2,000speakerslivinginseveralvillagess

2、catteredonbothsidesoftheBrazil–SurinamborderinnorthernAmazonia(thedialectdescribedinthepresentworkistypicaloftheMiss˜aoTiri´osareainBrazil).Extensivedescrip-tionsofTiriy´ogrammarareMeira1999a(publishedas2006)andCarlin2004;earlierstudies,dealingmostlywithsomeaspec

3、tsofthemorphology,includeanunpublishedmanuscriptbyClaudeLeavitt,amissionary,andDeGoeje’sgrammarsketch(1909).MorespecificaspectsofthelanguagearediscussedinCarlin1997,1998,1999,2003,2006,Meira1997,1998,1999a,1999b,2000b,2000c,2001,2003a,2003b,2004a,2004b,andahistori

4、calperspectiveisgiveninMeira2000a.1Thewordtareno¨[taə:no](etymologically,‘someonefromhere,alocalper-son’)isnormallyusedasanautodenomination,thoughitcan,onoccasion,beextendedtootherAmerindians(butnottoWesterners,Mestizos,orBlacks).Thewordt¨ır¨ıjo[t:jo]isusedby

5、peoplefromneighbouringgroups,andinitswesternizedversionsTiriyo´inBrazilandTrioinSurinam,bynon-Amerindians.1Thefollowingabbreviationsareused:1,2,3–1st,2ndand3rdperson,3R–3rdpersonreflexive(coreferential),1+2–1stpersondualinclusive,ALLAT–allative,ANA–anaphoric,ANIM–

6、animate,AUGM–augmentative,COL–collective(number),CONT–continuous,COP–copula,CTY–certainty,DETR–detransitivizer,DIM–diminutive,DBT–doubt,DUR–durative,EMPH–emphatic,ERG–ergative,EXIST–existential,FIG–Figure,FRUST–frustrative,GR–Ground,HORT–hortative,IDEO–ideophone,

7、IMPER–imperative,INAN–inanimate,INDEF–indefinite,LOC–locative,NEG–negative,NZR–nominalizer,POS–possessedformmarker,POSTP–postposition,PRES–present,PTC–particle,RECP–reciprocal,REDUP–reduplication,REPT–repetition(‘again,back’),SA–conjugationclassmarker,SUP–supine(‘

8、purpose-of-motion’),VENIT–venitive,W–class-markingprefix,WH–interrogative.Adotisusedtoconjointwowordsthatformonegloss(e.g.ANA.ANIM–anaphoricanimate),andacolonto