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1、时文阅读雌性哺乳动物更为长寿的秘密在人类社会，女性的平均寿命普遍要比男性长，一种说法是因为男性的新陈代谢速度要比女性快。如今，科学家们在野生哺乳动物身上也发现了相同的现象，即雌性动物的寿命普遍比雄性动物长，这又是因为什么呢？阅读短文并回答问题Aninternationalteamofscientistsstudyinglifespans（寿命）ofwildmammalshavefoundthat,justlikehumans,femalestendtolivesignificantlylongerthantheirmale
2、counterparts.Theresearcherslookedatthelifespansof101differentspecies,fromsheeptoelephants,andfoundthatfemaleslivedanaverageof18%longerthanmalesformorethan60%ofthespeciesstudies.Inhumans,femalestendtolivearound7.8%longer.Thestudy,ledbyscientistsatUniversityLyon1and
3、publishedinthejournal,ProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences,foundthiswasnotduetothesexesagingatdifferentratesbutthatfemaleshadanaveragelowerriskofmortality（死亡率）inadulthoodthanmales.Itwasunclearfromthedataastowhyfemalessurvivelongerthanmales,however,theauthorss
4、uggestthatitcouldbeduetocomplexinteractionsbetweenthelocalenvironmentalconditionsandsex-specificcostsofreproduction.ProfessorTamásSzékely,fromtheUniversityofBath,wasoneoftheauthorsofthestudy.Hesaid,“We’veknownforalongtimethatwomengenerallylivelongerthanmen,butwere
5、surprisedtofindthatthedifferencesinlifespanbetweenthesexeswasevenmorepronouncedinwildmammalsthaninhumans.Thiscouldbeeitherbecausefemalesarenaturallyabletolivelonger,orthatfemalemortalitydropscomparedwithmales.”Forexample,lionessesliveatleast50%longerinthewildthanm
6、alelions.Femalelionslivetogetherinapride,wheresisters,mothersanddaughtershunttogetherandlookaftereachother,whileadultmalelionsoftenlivealoneorwiththeirbrotherandthereforedon’thavethesamesupportnetwork.Anotherpossibleexplanationforthesexdifferenceisthatfemalesurviv
7、alincreaseswhenmalesprovidesomeoralloftheparentalcare.Thisisalsotrueinbirds.Givingbirthandcaringforyoungbecomesasignificanthealthcostforfemalesandsothiscostisreducedifbothparentsworktogethertobringuptheiroffspring（后代）.1.Whatdothenumbersinparagraph2show?A.Theresult
8、ofthestudy.B.Theimpactofthestudy.C.Theprocessofthestudy.D.Thepurposeofthestudy.2.Whatmakesfemaleslivelongeraccordingtothestudy?A.Malesarenotborntolivelo
