二语习得考试提纲).doc

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1、SLA期末考试提纲Week9Chapter1IntroducingSecondLanguageAcquisitionChapter2FoundationsofSecondLanguageAcquisitionPARTONE:Definition:1.SecondLanguageAcquisition(SLA):atermthatrefersbothtothestudyofindividualsandgroupswhoarelearningalanguagesubsequenttolearningth

2、eirfirstoneasyoungchildren,andtotheprocessoflearningthatlanguage.2.FormalL2learning:instructedlearningthattakesplaceinclassrooms.3.InformalL2learning:SLAthattakesplaceinnaturalisticcontexts.4.Firstlanguage/nativelanguage/mothertongue(L1):Alanguagethati

3、sacquirednaturallyinearlychildhood,usuallybecauseitistheprimarylanguageofachild’sfamily.Achildwhogrowsupinamultilingualsettingmayhavemorethanone“first”language.5.Secondlanguage(L2):Initsgeneralsense,thistermreferstoanylanguagethatisacquiredafterthefirs

4、tlanguagehasbeenestablished.Initsspecificsense,thistermtypicallyreferstoanadditionallanguagewhichislearnedwithinacontextwhereitissocietallydominantandneededforeducation,employment,andotherbasicpurposes.Themorespecificsensecontrastswithforeignlanguage,l

5、ibrarylanguage,auxiliarylanguage,andlanguageforspecificpurposes.6.Targetlanguage:Thelanguagethatistheaimorgoaloflearning.7.Foreignlanguage:Asecondlanguagethatisnotwidelyusedinthelearners’immediatesocialcontext,butratheronethatmightbeusedforfuturetravel

6、orothercross-culturalcommunicationsituations,oronethatmightbestudiedbestudiedasacurricularrequirementorelectiveinschoolwithnoimmediateornecessarypracticalapplication.8.Librarylanguage:Asecondlanguagethatfunctionsasatoolforfurtherlearning,especiallywhen

7、booksandjournalsinadesiredfieldofstudyarenotcommonlypublishedinthelearner’sL1.9.Auxiliarylanguage:Asecondlanguagethatlearnersneedtoknowforsomeofficialfunctionsintheirimmediatesociopoliticalsetting.Orthattheywillneedforpurposesofwidercommunication,altho

8、ughtheirfirstlanguageservesmostotherneedsintheirlives.10.Linguisticcompetence:Theunderlyingknowledgethatspeakers/hearershaveofalanguage.Chomskydistinguishesthisfromlinguisticperformance.11.Linguisticperformance:Theuseoflanguageknowledge