二语习得复习提纲

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1、ChapterIIntroductionDescribingandExplainingL2Acquisition1.1Whatissecondlanguageacquisition?Secondlanguagereferstoanylanguagethatislearnedsubsequenttothemothertongue.1.2Whatarethegoalsofsecondlanguage?ThegoalsofSLAaretodescribehowL2acquisitionproceedsandtoexplainthisprocessandwhysomelearnersseemto

2、bebetteratitthanothers.1.3TwocasestudiesofL2learners1.3.1Acasestudyofanadultlearner1.3.2AcasestudyoftwochildlearnersWhatdothesecasestudiesshowus?a.TheyraiseanumberofimportantmethodologicalissuesrelatingtohowL2acquisitionshouldbestudiedb.Theyraiseissuesrelatingtothedescriptionoflearnerlanguagec.Th

3、eypointoutsomeoftheproblemsresearchersexperienceintryingtoexplainL2acquisition.1.4MethodologicalissuesWhatisthatneedstobedescribed?a.Whatitmeanstosaythatalearnerhasacquiredafeatureofthetargetlanguage?b.Whetherlearnershaveacquiredaparticularfeature?c.Howtomeasurewhetheracquisitionhastakenplace?(Le

4、arner’soveruseoflinguisticforms.)1.5Issuesinthedescriptionoflearnerlanguagea.Learnersmakeerrorsofdifferentkinds.b.Learnersacquiredalargenumberofformulaicchunks,whichwillinfluencetheirperformanceincommunicationandthefluencyoftheirunplannedspeech.c.Whetherlearnersacquirethelanguagesystematically?1.

5、6IssuesintheexplanationofL2acquisitionItemlearning:formulaicchunksSystemlearning:rulesInternal(mentalist)account:Externalaccount:Chapter2theNatureofLearnerLanguage2.1Errorsanderroranalysis2.1.1Identifyingerrors2.1.1.1Comparethelearner’slanguagewiththenormalones.2.1.1.2Distinguisherrorsandmistakes

6、.Definition:Errorsreflectgapsinalearner’sknowledgeMistakesreflectoccasionallapsesinperformance.Methods:a.Checktheconsistencyoflearners’performance.b.Askthemtocorrecttheirownutterance.Errorsandmistakes:2.1.2DescribingerrorsMethods:a.errortypeoriented:b.errormakeroriented:Meaning:Classifyingerrorsi

7、nthesewayscanhelpustodiagnoselearners’learningproblemsatanyonestageoftheirdevelopmentand,alsotoplothowchangesinerrorpatternsoccurovertime.2.1.3ExplainingerrorsErrorsaresystematic,predictable,andsomeofthemareuniversal:(