二语习得复习提纲.docx

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1、ChapterIIntroductionDescribingandExplainingL2Acquisition1.1Whatissecondlanguageacquisition?Secondlanguagereferstoanylanguagethatislearnedsubsequenttothemothertongue.1.2Whatarethegoalsofsecondlanguage?ThegoalsofSLAaretodescribehowL2acquisitionproceedsandtoexplain

2、thisprocessandwhysomelearnersseemtobebetteratitthanothers.1.3TwocasestudiesofL2learners1.3.1Acasestudyofanadultlearner1.3.2AcasestudyoftwochildlearnersWhatdothesecasestudiesshowus?a.TheyraiseanumberofimportantmethodologicalissuesrelatingtohowL2acquisitionshouldb

3、estudiedb.Theyraiseissuesrelatingtothedescriptionoflearnerlanguagec.TheypointoutsomeoftheproblemsresearchersexperienceintryingtoexplainL2acquisition.1.4MethodologicalissuesWhatisthatneedstobedescribed?a.Whatitmeanstosaythatalearnerhasacquiredafeatureofthetargetl

4、anguage?b.Whetherlearnershaveacquiredaparticularfeature?c.Howtomeasurewhetheracquisitionhastakenplace?(Learner’soveruseoflinguisticforms.)1.5Issuesinthedescriptionoflearnerlanguagea.Learnersmakeerrorsofdifferentkinds.b.Learnersacquiredalargenumberofformulaicchun

5、ks,whichwillinfluencetheirperformanceincommunicationandthefluencyoftheirunplannedspeech.c.Whetherlearnersacquirethelanguagesystematically?1.6IssuesintheexplanationofL2acquisitionItemlearning:formulaicchunksSystemlearning:rulesInternal(mentalist)account:Externala

6、ccount:Chapter2theNatureofLearnerLanguage2.1Errorsanderroranalysis2.1.1Identifyingerrors2.1.1.1Comparethelearner’slanguagewiththenormalones.2.1.1.2Distinguisherrorsandmistakes.Definition:Errorsreflectgapsinalearner’sknowledgeMistakesreflectoccasionallapsesinperf

7、ormance.Methods:a.Checktheconsistencyoflearners’performance.b.Askthemtocorrecttheirownutterance.Errorsandmistakes:2.1.2DescribingerrorsMethods:a.errortypeoriented:b.errormakeroriented:Meaning:Classifyingerrorsinthesewayscanhelpustodiagnoselearners’learningproble

8、msatanyonestageoftheirdevelopmentand,alsotoplothowchangesinerrorpatternsoccurovertime.2.1.3ExplainingerrorsErrorsaresystematic,predictable,andsomeofthemareuniversal:(