二语习得考试提纲)

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1、标准实用文案SLA期末考试提纲Week9Chapter1IntroducingSecondLanguageAcquisitionChapter2FoundationsofSecondLanguageAcquisitionPARTONE:Definition:1.SecondLanguageAcquisition(SLA):atermthatrefersbothtothestudyofindividualsandgroupswhoarelearningalanguagesubsequenttolearningtheirfirstoneasyoungchildren,andtotheprocess

2、oflearningthatlanguage.2.FormalL2learning:instructedlearningthattakesplaceinclassrooms.3.InformalL2learning:SLAthattakesplaceinnaturalisticcontexts.4.Firstlanguage/nativelanguage/mothertongue(L1):Alanguagethatisacquirednaturallyinearlychildhood,usuallybecauseitistheprimarylanguageofachild’sfamily.Ac

3、hildwhogrowsupinamultilingualsettingmayhavemorethanone“first”language.5.Secondlanguage(L2):Initsgeneralsense,thistermreferstoanylanguagethatisacquiredafterthefirstlanguagehasbeenestablished.Initsspecificsense,thistermtypicallyreferstoanadditionallanguagewhichislearnedwithinacontextwhereitissocietall

4、ydominantandneededforeducation,employment,andotherbasicpurposes.Themorespecificsensecontrastswithforeignlanguage,librarylanguage,auxiliarylanguage,andlanguageforspecificpurposes.6.Targetlanguage:Thelanguagethatistheaimorgoaloflearning.7.Foreignlanguage:Asecondlanguagethatisnotwidelyusedinthelearners

5、’immediatesocialcontext,butratheronethatmightbeusedforfuturetravelorothercross-culturalcommunicationsituations,oronethatmightbestudiedbestudiedasacurricularrequirementorelectiveinschoolwithnoimmediateornecessarypracticalapplication.8.Librarylanguage:Asecondlanguagethatfunctionsasatoolforfurtherlearn

6、ing,especiallywhenbooksandjournalsinadesiredfieldofstudyarenotcommonlypublishedinthelearner’sL1.9.Auxiliarylanguage:Asecondlanguagethatlearnersneedtoknowforsomeofficialfunctionsintheirimmediatesociopoliticalsetting.Orthattheywillneedforpurposesofwidercommunication,althoughtheirfirstlanguageservesmos

7、totherneedsintheirlives.10.Linguisticcompetence:Theunderlyingknowledgethatspeakers/hearershaveofalanguage.Chomskydistinguishesthisfromlinguisticperformance.11.Linguisticperformance:Theuseoflanguagekno