菌群功能重点词整理终版.doc

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1、FunctionofMicrobiota（commensal[kə'mens(ə)l]bacteria）Metabolism（代谢）（regulatedigestion[daɪ'dʒestʃ(ə)n;dɪ-]）＊Regulationoflipidbycommensal[kə'mens(ə)l]bacteriaBileacid胆酸synthesis ['sɪnθɪsɪs]合成absorption[əb'zɔːpʃ(ə)n;-'sɔːp-]吸收decomposition[,diːkɒmpə'zɪʃn]降解Functi

2、onofBileacidscholesterol-derived[kə'lestərɒl-di'raivd]amphipathic[,æmfi'pæθik,'æmfipɑ:θ]molecules胆固醇衍生的两亲分子solubilize['sɔljubilaiz]溶解的fat-soluble脂溶性的enterohepatic['entrəʊ'hɪ'pætɪk]circulation（肝肠循环)precursor[prɪ'kɜːsə]molecules前体分子deconjugate['kɒndʒʊgeɪt]解离pri

3、marybileacids初级胆酸cholic['kəulik]胆汁酸chenodeoxycholic['deoksi'kəulik]acids鹅脱氧胆酸secondarybileacid次级胆酸deoxycholic['deoksi'kəulik]脱氧胆酸,lithocholic['laɪθəʊ'kəulik;'lɪθ-]石胆酸,b.fattyacidsandimmunitycarboxylic[,kɑːbɒk'sɪlɪk]acid羧基酸long aliphatic[,ælɪ'fætɪk]chain长脂肪链sa

4、turated['sætʃəreɪtɪd]饱和的； unsaturated不饱和的triglycerides[traɪ'glɪsəraɪd]甘油三脂 phospholipids[,fɒsfə(ʊ)'lɪpɪd]磷脂Function：impairlipidabsorption减少脂吸收alterlipidprofiles['prəʊfaɪl]改变质谱regulatelipidhomeostasis[,hɒmɪə(ʊ)'steɪsɪs;,həʊm-]调节脂平衡fattyacidysensorproteins脂肪酸传感

5、器的蛋白peroxisome[pə'rɒksɪsəʊm]过氧化物酶体proliferator['prəʊfaɪrtə]增生物endogenous英[enˈdɒdʒənəs]美[enˈdɑ:dʒənəs]内源性的exogenous英[ekˈsɒdʒənəs]美[ekˈsɑ:dʒənəs]外源性的initiate[ɪ'nɪʃɪeɪt]激发＊Carbohydrates’metabolism[kɑːbə'haɪdreɪt]碳水化合物代谢a.Fermentationofplant-derivednondigestible[

6、nɒn'daɪ'dʒestəbl]不易消化的polysaccharides['pɒlɪ'sækəraɪd]多聚糖.ProductionSCFAs:nondigestible[nɒn'daɪ'dʒestəbl]polysaccharides['pɒlɪ'sækəraɪd]（多聚糖)cellulose['seljʊləʊz;-s]纤维素Sorts:butyrate['bjuːtɪreɪt](C4)丁酸盐,propionate['prəʊpɪəneɪt](C3)丙酸盐acetate['æsɪteɪt](C2)醋酸盐Fu

7、nctionofSCFAs:regulationofimmunitybySCFAsthroughthreemainways.Gprotein–coupledreceptorGPR43G蛋白耦联受体histonedeacetylases[di:ə'setileis]组蛋白去乙酰化酶(HDACs)neutrophils ['njuːtrə(ʊ)fɪl]中性粒细胞,macrophages['mækrə(ʊ)feɪdʒ]巨噬细胞dendritic[den'drɪtɪk]cells(DCs)树状细胞intestinalep

8、ithelial[,epɪ'θiːlɪəl]cells(IEC)肠上皮细胞milkoligosaccharide[,ɒlɪgə(ʊ)'sækəraɪd]牛奶低聚糖＊vitaminssynthesize(Commensalbacteria–derivedvitaminsandit’regulation)essentialvitamins必需氨基酸a.FunctionofVB