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1、Name:Class:高中英语语法定语从句一、基本概念定语(形容词性)形容词名词前置定语后置定语名词，代词，数词，分词，副词，不定式以及介词短语先行词被定语从句修饰的名词、代词称为先行词。有时是短语或者句子。关系词whowhomwhose关系代词thatwhichas关系副词whenwherewhy关系词的3个作用：(1)引导定语从句。(2)代替先行词。(3)在定语从句中担当一个成分。五大关系主谓动宾副动介宾偏正(先行词与定从中的某个词之间的关系)Themanwhoisshakinghandswithmy
2、fatherisapoliceman.Thefilmwhichtheywenttoseelastnightwasnotinterestingatall.Thereasonwhyhefailedtheexaminationisthathehadnotmadeanypreparationforit.Ilovearoomwhosewindowislarge.ThisismyfriendWangGangaboutwhommyfathertoldmealot.二、限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句限制性定语从句非限制
3、性定语从句形式上不用逗号和主句隔开用逗号和主句隔开意义上是先行词不可缺少的定语，不能删除是对先行词的补充说明，删除后意思仍完整译法上翻译成先行词的定语，“…的…”通常翻译成主句的并列句或状从关系词的使用上做宾语时可省略；可用that；可用who代替whom不可省；不用that；不用who代替whom三、重/难/考点（一）限制性定语从句只能用that的几种情况1．当先行词是anything,everything,nothing,something,few,all,none,little,some等代词时，或
4、者是由every,any,all,some,no,little,few,much等修饰时（重点：常考！）(1)HaveyoutakendowneverythingthatMr.Lihassaid?(2)Thereseemstobenothingthatseemsimpossibleforhimintheworld.(3)Allthatcanbedonehasbeendone.(4)ThereislittlethatIcandoforyou.2.当先行词被序数词修饰(1)Thefirstplacethatt
5、heyvisitedinLondonwastheBigBen.3.当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时(1)ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveseen.4.当先行词被thevery=justthe,theonly,thelast修饰时（重点：常考！）(1)ThisistheverydictionarythatIwanttobuy,(2)Afterthefireinhishouse,theoldcaristheonlythingthatheowned.当先行词指人时，偶尔也可以用who(3)Wan
6、gHuaistheonlypersoninourschoolwhowillattendthemeeting/5.当先行词前面有who,which等疑问代词时(1)Whoisthemanthatisstandingthere?(2)WhichistheT-shirtthatfitsmemost?6.当先行词既有人，也有动物或者物体时(1)Canyourememberthescientistandhistheorythatwehavelearned?7.当关系代词在定语从句中做表语(1)Thevillagei
7、snolongertheonethatitusedtobe10yearsago.8.当在therebe句型中，通常情况下用that，不用which（二）只能用which的情况：1.在非限制性定语从句中；2.若句中有两个定语从句，前一句用了that,后一句当用which。LetmeshowyouthenovelthatIborrowedfromthelibrarywhichwasnewlyopentous.（三）只能用who的情况：1.在非限制性定语从句中；2.先行词为指人的不定代词one,those,an
8、yone,someone等时，用关系代词whoThosewhodon’tworkhardattheirstudieswon’tpasstheexam.Heisonewhohasstrongwilltodoeverythingtohisbest.（三）关系代词as和which之辨用1．as和which引导限制性定语从句：(1)as引导限制性定语从句，仅限于先行词前面有so,such,thesame,as修饰时，构成thesame
