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1、1.先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词2.关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有when, where, why等。3.关系词通常有下列三个作用：A、引导定语从句；B、代替先行词；C、在定语从句中担当一个成分。例如：The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman. 关系代词引导的定语从句1. 指人who, that。That 指人时，相当于who 或whomwhom 指人，在定语从句中做宾语，
2、常可省略。The boys who/that are playing football are from Class One. Mr Liu is the person ( whom ) you talked about on the bus. 注意：关系代词whom 在口语或非正式文体中常可用who 来代替，也可省略。The man ( whom / who )you met just now is my old friend.3．指物Which，that。 ，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。The season that / which comes aft
3、er spring is summer. 春天以后的季节是夏季。4.Whose 通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语。I once lived in the house whose roof has fallen in. Do you like the book the cover of which is yellow? 关系副词引导的定语从句1．when 指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。 I still remember the day when I first came to this school. 2.where 指地点，在定语从句中作
4、地点状语。Shanghai is the city where I was born. 3.why 指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语。Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane. 关系副词引导的定语从句经常可以用“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句来表示。如： Great changes are taking place in the city where / in which they live.（三）“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，从句常常由“介词+关系代词”引出。The sch
5、ool (which / that) he once studied in is very famous.The school in which he once studied is very famous. 他曾经就读过的学校很出名。The manager whose company I work in pays much attention to improving our working conditions.The manager in whose company I work pays much attention to improving our working
6、 conditions.注意：1.含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，介词仍放在短语动词的后面。look for, look after, take care of如 This is the watch (which / that) I am looking for. The babies (whom / who / that) the nurse is looking after are very healthy.2.若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时只可用whom；关系代词指物时只可用which。关系代词是所有格时用whose。The man with whom you ta
7、lked just now is my neighbour. The plane in which we flew to Canada was really comfortable.“介词+关系代词”前还可有some, any, none, all, both, neither, many, most, each, few等代词或者数词。He loves his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him. Up to now, he has
