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1、Chapter8Revision,PolishingandtheFinalDraftRevisionQuestion:Howshouldwerevisethefirstortheseconddraft?RevisionWhetherabeginneroraprofessional,everywritermustrevise,thatis,gobackoverthefirstdraftortheseconddraftofathesis,rewritingunclearsentences,addingdetailsorexamples
2、,crossingoutunnecessarywordsorideas,andperhapsrearrangingparts.Inotherwords,neverhandinthefirstversionofanyparagraphoressay,butrevisethenrewrite,creatingthebestpaperofwhichyouarecapable.BrainstormReasonsforRevisionClearstatementTopicsentenceLogicrelationshipCoherenceU
3、nityConsistentperson/tenseSentencevarietyParallelismFormatPronounsubstitutionAddmoredetailsQuotationSpellingPunctuationExactlanguageAddexamplesAvoidwordinessTimeorder…FeaturesofEffectiveSentences1.Unityisthefirstqualityofaneffectivesentence.Aunifiedsentenceexpressesas
4、inglecompletethought.E.g.:Faulty:DuFuwasoneofthegreatestpoets.Revised:DuFuwasoneofthegreatestpoetsoftheTangperiod.2.Coherencemeansclearandreasonableconnectionbetweenparts.E.g.:Faulty:Amanisjudgednotonlybywhathesaysbutalsobyhisdeeds.Revised:Amanisjudgednotonlybywhathes
5、aysbutalsobywhathedoes.FeaturesofEffectiveSentences3.Conciseness:Asentenceshouldcontainnounnecessarywords.4.Emphasis:Whenthereisanimportantidea,itshouldbeexpressedwithemphasis.5.Varietyisessentialtogoodwriting.(short:long;simple:compoundandcomplex;statement:question,c
6、ommandorexclamation;periodic:loose…)FeaturesofEffectiveSentences6.Consistency:Allgoodwritingisconsistent.Thatis,eachsentenceandeachparagraphinthefinaldraftshouldmovealongsmoothly,withoutconfusingshiftsintense,number,person,ordiscourse.E.g.:Faulty:WestrolldownBourbonSt
7、reetasthejazzbandsbegantoplay.Revised:WestrolleddownBourbonStreetasthejazzbandsbegantoplay.RevisionAfteryouhavetakenabreak,youcancriticizeandmakechangesonthefirstdraft.Youmightnoticetheseproblems:Thebeginningoftheparagraphisn’tverylively.Thewordinginseveralsentencesso
8、undstooinformalorevenbabyish.TherelationshipbetweenideascouldbeclearerMoredetailscouldbeaddedinafewspotsortakenoutinothers.T
