【英文】医学免疫学-名解简答重点.docx

《【英文】医学免疫学-名解简答重点.docx》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。

1、【名解】Immunity:referstoallmechanismsusedbythebodyasprotectionagainstenvironmentalsubstancesthatareforeigntothebody.(torecognizeandeliminateforeignsubstances)【名解】Lymphocytehoming:themigrationoflymphocytesfromcentralimmuneorgantoperipheralimmuneorgan【名解】Lymphocyter

2、ecirulation：lymphocytecirulationbetweenbloodlymphothertissues【名解】Antigen:thesubstancesthatarerecognizedbyTCR/BCRorantibodyandinduceaspecificimmuneresponse【名解】Hapten（半抗原）：havethepropertyofimmunoreactivitybutnotimmunogenicity.【名解】epitope(antigenicdeterminant)：the

3、portionoftheantigenthatbindsspecificallywiththebindingsiteofanantibodyorareceptoronalymphocyte.【名解】idiotypicAg：Thecombinedantigenicdeterminants(idiotopes)foundonantibodiesofanindividualthataredirectedataparticularantigen;suchantigenicdeterminantsarefoundonlyint

4、hevariableregion.【名解】superantigen：antigens，onlyneedverylowconcentration,canpolyclonallyactivatesomesubtypesoftheTcells(upto20%).【名解】Adjuvants:Asubstancethatwhenmixedwithanimmunogen,enhancestheimmuneresponseagainsttheimmunogen.【名解】Antigen:Globulinproducedbyplasm

5、acellsinresponsetoantigenandbindsspecificallytoparticularAg.【名解】Immunoglobulins(Ig)：TheIgsareglobulinwhichfunctionasAbsorsimilartoAbsinchemicalstructure.【名解】idiotype,id:VariationintheVdomain,particularlyinCDR,producesidiotype.【名解】Majorhistocompatibilitycomplex,

6、MHCAclusterofgenesonchromosome6inhumans,encodingmajorhistocompatibilityantigenwhichleadtorapidgraftrejection.【名解】Cytokine(CK)：Cytokinesaresmallsolubleproteinsthatmediateimmuneandinflammatoryreactionsandareresponsibleforcommunicationsbetweenleukocytesandothercel

7、ls【名解】Leukocytedifferentiationantigen(LDA):Thecellsurfacemarkerswhichexpressordisappearonthedifferentleukocytesinthedifferentstageofdifferentiationandactivation.【名解】CD(clusterofdifferentiation):Cellsurfacemoleculesofleucocytesthataredistinguishablewithmonoclona

8、lantibodiesasanimmunologicmarker.【名解】CAM:Agroupofproteinsinvolvedinadhesionofcelltocellorcelltoextra-cellularmatrix(ECM),suchasICAM-1,ICAM-2,ICAM-3,VCAM-1andPECAMetc.【名解】Int