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1、2008-10-20专八翻译汉译英常用技巧Contents二、句子翻译1.确定主干2.语序调整3.正反转换4.语态对译5.长句的翻译一、词的翻译1.词义选择2.词类转换3.词的增补4.词的省略5.词的替代一、词的翻译1.词义选择1)在得病以前,我受父母宠爱,在家中横行霸道。BeforeIfellill,Ihadbeenthebullyunderourroofsowingtomydotingparents.横行霸道:为所欲为,想干什么就干什么GeteverythingmyownwayGetallthingsmyow
2、nwayBebully2)钓鱼可分为三个阶段。Therearethreestatesforfishing.“三个阶段”在这里指钓鱼的三种境界,因此不译为threestages。3)他是个墙头草,谁硬就跟谁。Healwayssitsonthefenceandfallsonthesideofthestronger.2.词类转换1)吃头两个主菜时,也是赞不绝口。Youwillbefullofpraisewhileeatingthefirsttwomaincourses.2)这样,每个地方都有自己的传说,风俗也就衍传了下
3、来。Thus,everyplace,withitsownlegendsandfolktales,hasitstraditionsandcustomspassedonfromgenerationtogeneration.3)所以人们对于大自然,全都一致并深深地依赖着。Therefore,everyonehasbecomeunanimouslyandprofoundlydependentonNature.4)大自然对人的恩赐,无论贫富,一律平等。People,poororrich,areequallyfavoredb
4、yNature.3.词的增补1)有水有鱼的地方大都是有好环境的,好环境便会给人好心情。Aplacewithwaterandfishisnecessarilyblessedwithanicesetting,whichinreturnkeepspeopleingoodmood.2)黄鼠狼给鸡拜年。Theweaselgoestopayrespectstothehen—notwiththebestofintentions.4.词的省略1)种植庄稼和葡萄,酿酒和饮酒,喂牛和挤奶,锄草和栽花……Plantingcropsan
5、dgrapes,brewinganddrinkingwines,raisingandmilkingcows,weedingthegardenandplantingflowers…2)用点画成线,用线画成平面,用平面画成立体。Withpointsyoucanmakealine;withline,planes;withplanes,solids.3)于是转怒为喜,转赞美为责备挑剔,转首肯为摇头。Thenhappinessturnstoanger,praisetoscoldingandnit-picking,andhe
6、ad-noddingtohead-shaking.5.词的替代1)狡猾的人轻视学问;愚昧的人羡慕学问;聪明的人利用学问。Craftymencontemnstudies,simplemenadmirethem,andwisemenusethem.2)自周秦以来,中国是一个封建社会,其政治是封建的政治,其经济是封建的经济。FromtheZhouandQinDynastiesonwards,Chinesesocietywasfeudal,aswereitspoliticsandeconomy.3)得罪了你就得罪了你。I
7、fyouwereoffended,sobeit.二、句子翻译1.确定主干汉语句子的主干:主语--谓语1.1确定主语1)这个地区雨水较多。A:Itrainsalotinthisarea.B:Thisareaseesmuchrain.C:Thereismuchraininthisarea.2)信不信是你自己的事。Itisyourconcernwhetheryoubelievemeornot.3)最好是等他们回来。Itmaybeadvisabletowaittilltheycomeback.4)勤能补拙。Itisdil
8、igencethatmakesfordeficiency.1.2确定谓语1)在人际关系上我们不要太浪漫主义。Weshouldn’tbetooromanticabouthumanrelationships.2)当他活着一天,总要尽量多工作、多学习,不肯虚度年华,不让时间白白地浪费掉。Aslongastheyarealive,theyalwaysworkandstudyash