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1、Unit10Plagiarism,GeneralLayoutandCheck-listsPlagiarism:theuseofanotherperson'sideasorwordswithoutgivinghim/herthepropercredit;Or,theactionoftaking(words,ideas,etc.)fromsomeoneelse'sworkandusetheminone'sownworkwithoutadmittingonehasdonesoGeneralLayout:thegeneralwa
2、yinwhichprintedmatterissetoutonpaperCheck-lists:revisioncheck-list,overallmanuscriptcheck-listSpecialAttention:conciseness(3)--usingtechnicalterms,usingcontractedwords,deletingredundantexpressionsPlagiarismPlagiarism--theuseofanotherperson'sideas/orwordswithoutgi
3、vinghim/herthepropercredit--resultsfromthefailuretodocumentfullyandaccurately.Ideasandexpressionsareconsideredtobelongtotheindividualwhofirstputsthemforward.Therefore,whenyouincorporateideasorphrasingfromanyotherauthorsinyourpaper,whetherdirectlyorindirectly,youn
4、eedtobehonestandcompleteaboutindicatingthesourcetoavoidplagiarism.Awritershouldbeawarethatwhetherheisintentionalorunintentional,plagiarismcanbringseriousconsequences,bothacademicintheformoffailureorexpulsion(开除),andlegal,intheformoflawsuits.Plagiarismisaviolation
5、oftheethicsoftheacademiccommunity.Therefore,quotationsinaresearchpaper,thesis,ordissertation,whethertheyareindirect(paraphrasedorsummarized),shouldbedocumented.Acknowledgmentofcreditthroughdocumentationdoesnotreducetheoriginalityofthewriter'swork,sincehiscontribu
6、tionconsistsofimposinghisownorderonhismaterialsanddrawinganoriginalconclusionfromthem.Documentationallowshisreadertoseethematerialsheusedtoreachhisconclusion,tocheckhisinterpretationsofsources,andtolocateworksinwhichotheraspectsofhistopicmightbediscussed(alsorefe
7、rtothepartofAcknowledgmentinUnitNine).Specifically,actsofplagiarismcanbeclassifiedintothefollowingfourcases:(1)Copystringsofwordsfromasourcewithoutusingquotationmarkstoshowthatthewordscamefromanotherwriter.(2)Superficiallychangewordsorsentencestomakeitappearthatt
8、hesentencesareoriginal.(3)Restateanotherperson'swordsandideasinacompletelynewmannerbutfailtoshowwhoseideasthesewereinthefirstplace.(4)Usesomethoughtsoftheorigi