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1、2020年初升高英语无忧衔接第二章语法知识衔接专题七:定语从句讲义一、概念和连词：1、概念：在英语中，修饰名词或代词的句子叫定语从句。例如：ThegirlwhoisbehindthetreeisKate.Themanwhowasdrivingtoofastwasdrunk.2、连词：关系代词：that,which,who,whom,whose,as;关系副词：when,where,why.二、关系代词用法1、关系代词语法功能：（1）代替先行词;（2）它还在定语从句中担任一定的成分;（3）同时连接先
2、行词与它引导的定语从句。例如：Thebuildingwhich/thatstandsbytheriverisourschool.在本句话中，which/that是关系代词，它在从句中代替先行词thebuilding,同时担任从句中的主语，也起连词的作用，把两个简单句连接起来。2、who指人,作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）Theman(who)Italkedwithisourteacher.Apersonwhostealsthingsiscalledathief.3、whom指人,作宾语(作宾语可省略
3、,如介词提前则不能省)Theman(whom/who)ItalkedtoisMr.Li.ThemantowhomItalkedisMr.Li.4、whose是代词的所有格形式,它既可以代人也可以代物。1）Isawawoman.Herbagwasstolen.（整合成一句话）Isawawomanwhosebagwasstolen.2）Pleaseshowmethebook.Itscoverisred.（整合成一句话）Pleaseshowmethebookwhosecoverisred.5、which
4、指物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省)3/31）Thesearethetreeswhichwereplantedlastyear.2）TheTVset(which)heboughtyesterdayismadeinJapan.3）Isthisthelibrary(which)youborrowbooksfrom?4）Isthisthelibraryfromwhichyouborrowbooks?6、介词+关系代词介词放在关系代词的前面时,介词宾语只能用which代物,用whom代人
5、。1)Thisisthehero(whom)weareproudof.Thisistheheroofwhomweareproud.2)Theroom(that)Iliveinisverybig.Theroom(which)Iliveinisverybig.TheroominwhichIliveisverybig.7、下列情况只用关系词that,而不宜用which1.从句所修饰的词又被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时；Thisisthemostinterestingstory(that)Ihaveever
6、heard.Thefirstmeeting(that)wewilltakepartinwillbeheldintheafternoon.2.先行词是something,nothing,anything等不定代词时Hereissomething(that)Iwilltellyou.3.先行词既有人也有物时,只能用that；Icanrememberwellthepersonsandsomepictures(that)Isee.4.先行词是oneof,theone,或用little,much,few,n
7、o,all,some,any,theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast作修饰时；Isittheonethatyouwant?Ihaven’tgotmuchthatIcanofferyou.8、who、that在指人可以通用，但下列宜用who,不用that1).先行词是anyone,someone,those时，关系词使用whoThosewhowanttogototheGreatWallsignuphere.Isthereanyonewhowantstogothere?2).在
8、therebe句型中，先行词指人,关系词用whoThereisanoldmanwhowantstoseeyou.Therearemanyyoungmenwhoareagainsthim.3/3一、关系副词的用法（一）关系副词的句法功能：1、引导定语从句的2、在从句中代替先行词3、在从句中作状语，具体关系副词如下：where:在从句中作地点状语,指代地点；when:在从句中作时间状语,指代时间；why:在从句中作原因状语,指代原因。（二）关系副词的运用1）Thehotelwasn’t
