法律英语考试复习：Judicial.doc

《法律英语考试复习：Judicial.doc》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在应用文档-天天文库。

1、此资料由网络收集而来，如有侵权请告知上传者立即删除。资料共分享，我们负责传递知识。法律英语考试复习：Judicial　　Aswiththeotherbranches，theU.S.judiciarypossessesonlythosepowerstheConstitutiondelegates.TheConstitutionextendedfederaljurisdictiononlytocertainkindsofdisputes.ArticleIII，Section2liststhem.Twoofthemostsigni？cantarecasesinvolvingaques

2、tionoffederallaw（allCasesiLawandEquity，arisingunderthisConstitution，theLawsoftheUnitedStates，andTreatiesmade）andversitycases，ordisputesbetweencitizensoftwodifferentstates.Diversityjurisdictionallowseachpartytoavoidlitigatinghiscasebeforethecourtsofhisadversarysstate.　　Asecondjudicialpowereme

3、rgedintheRepublicsearlyyears.AsexplaineinChapter2，theU.S.SupremeCourtinthecaseofMarburyv.Madison（1803）interpreteditsdelegatedpowerstoincludetheauthoritytodeterminewhetherastatuteviolatedtheConstitutionand，ifitdid，todeclaresuchalawinvalid.Alawmaybeunconstitutionalbecauseitviolatesrightsguaran

4、teedtothepeoplebytheConstitution，orbecauseArticleIdidnotauthorizeCongresstopassthatkindoflegislation.　　Thepowertointerprettheconstitutionalprovisionsthat2此资料由网络收集而来，如有侵权请告知上传者立即删除。资料共分享，我们负责传递知识。describewhereCongressmaylegislateisthusveryimportant.Traditionally，Congresshasjustifiedmanystatut

5、esasnecessarytoregulatecommerceamongtheseveralStates，orinterstatcommerce.Thisisanelasticconcept，difficulttodescribewithprecision.Indeed，onemightfornearlyanystatutedeviseaplausibletiebetweenitsobjectivesandtheregulationofinterstatecommerce.Attimes，thejudicialbranchinterpretedthe“commerceclaus

6、e”narrowly.In1935，forinstancetheSupremeCourtinvalidatedafederallawregulatingthehoursandwagesofworkersataNewYorkslaughterhousebecausethechickensprocessedthereallweresoldtoNewYorkbutchersandretailersandhencenotpartofinterstatecommerce.Soonafterthis，however，theSupremeCourtbegantoaffordPresident

7、FranklinD.RooseveltsNewDealprogramsmorlatitude，andtodaythefederalcourtscontinuetointerpretbroadlythecommercepower，althoughnotsobroadlyastojustifyanylegislationthatCongressmightpass.2