法律英语考试：Executive.doc

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1、此资料由网络收集而来，如有侵权请告知上传者立即删除。资料共分享，我们负责传递知识。法律英语考试：Executive　　ArticleIIentruststothePresidentoftheUnitedStates“theexecutivePower.”UnderPresidentGeorgeWashington（1789-1801），theentireexecutivebranchconsistedofthePresident，VicePresident，andtheDepartmentsofState，Treasury，War，andJustice.Asthenationgrew，

2、theexecutivebranchgrewwithit.Todaythereare15Cabinet-levelDepartments.EachhousesanumberofBureaus，Agencies，andotherentities.StillotherpartsoftheexecutivebranchlieoutsidetheseDepartments.AllexerciseexecutivepowerdelegatedbythePresidentandthusareresponsibleultimatelytohim.Insomeareas，therelationship

3、betweentheexecutiveandtheothertwobranchesisclear.Supposeoneormoreindividualsrobabank.Congresshaspassedastatutecriminalizingbankrobbery（UnitedStatesCode，Title18，Section2113*）。TheFederalBureauofInvestigation（FBI），abureauwithintheDepartmentofJustice，wouldinvestigatethecrime.Whenitapprehendedoneormo

4、resuspects，aFederalProsecutor（alsoDepartmentofJustice）wouldattempttoprovethesuspectsguiltinatrialconductedbyU.S.DistrictCourt.Thebankrobberycaseisasimple3此资料由网络收集而来，如有侵权请告知上传者立即删除。资料共分享，我们负责传递知识。one.Butasthenationmodernizedandgrew，therelationshipofthethreebrancheswithinthelegalsystemevolvedtoacc

5、ommodatethemorecomplexissuesofindustrialandpost-industrialsociety.Theroleoftheexecutivebranchchangedmostofall.Inthebankrobberyexample，Congressneededlittleornospecialexpertisetocraftastatutethatcriminalizedbankrobbery.Supposeinsteadthatlawmakerswishedtobandangerousdrugsfromthemarketplace，orrestri

6、cttheamountofunhealthfulpollutantsintheair.Congresscould，ifitchose，specifyprecisedefinitionsoftheseterms.Sometimesitdoesso，butincreasinglyCongressinsteaddelegatesaportionofitsauthoritytoadministrativeagencieshousedintheexecutivebranch.TheFoodandDrugAdministration（FDA）thuswatchesoverthepurityofth

7、enationsfoodandpharmaceuticalsandtheEnvironmentalProtectionAgency（EPA）regulateshowindustriesimpacttheearth，water，andair.AlthoughagenciespossessonlypowersthatCongressdelegatesbystatute，thesecanbequitesubstantial.Theycaninclud