英语教学法-自然法-The-Natural-Approach.ppt

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1、TheNaturalApproachBackgroundApproachDesignProcedureConclusionTheoryoflanguageTheoryoflearningObjectivesThesyllabusTypesofactivitiesLearnerrolesTeacherrolesTheroleofinstructionalmaterialsTheNaturalApproachOutlinePartI:BackgroundTheNaturalApproachProposedbyTracyTerrellin1977Incorporatethenatura

2、listicprinciplesAttractawiderinterestthansomeotherinnovativelanguageteachingproposalsPartI:BackgroundKrashenandTerrellidentifiedtheNaturalApproachwithtraditionalapproachtolanguageteaching.TraditionalApproachisdefinedas“basedontheuseoflanguageincommunicativesituationswithoutrecoursetothenative

3、language”.PartI:BackgroundThenaturalapproachsharesmanyfeatureswiththedirectmethod(naturalmethod).Botharebasedontheideaofenablingnaturalisticlanguageacquisitioninthelanguageclassroom;Thenaturalapproachputslessemphasisonpracticeandmoreonexposuretolanguageinputandonreducinglearners'anxiety.PartI

4、:BackgroundIndirectmethod,thereareaseriesofmonologuesbytheteacher.Innaturalapproach①Anemphasisoninput.②Optimizingemotionalpreparednessforlearning.③Aprolongedperiodofattention.④Awillingnesstousematerialsasaresourceofcomprehensibleinput.PartⅡ:ApproachTheoryoflanguageKrashenandTerrellseecommunic

5、ationastheprimaryfunctionoflanguage.Theimportanceofvocabularyisstressed.Amasteryofstructuresbystages.(theformula“I+1”)Grammaticalstructuredoesnotrequireexplicitanalysis.TheoryoflearningTheFiveHypothesis:①theacquisition/learninghypothesis②themonitorhypothesis③thenaturalorderhypothesis④theinput

6、hypothesis⑤theaffectivefilterhypothesis①theacquisition/learninghypothesisTheacquiredlinguisticsysteminitiatesutteranceswhenwecommunicateinasecondorforeignlanguage.②themonitorhypothesisThreeconditionslimitthesuccessfuluseofthemonitor:①Time②Focusonform③Knowledgeofrules②themonitorhypothesisApred

7、ictableorder.Certaingrammaticalstructuresareacquiredbeforeothers.Errorsaresignsofnaturalisticdevelopmentalprocesses,duringacquisition,similardevelopmentalerrorsoccurinlearners.③thenaturalorderhypothesis③thenaturalorderhypothesissomerulestendi