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1、Teachingmethodology----DirectMethodandNaturalApproachDirectmethodcontentIntroductionPrinciplesAdvantagesDisadvantagesDEFINITIONThedirectmethodofteachingforeignlanguage,sometimesalsocalledthenaturalmethod,PsychologicalMethod,OralMethodandReformedmethod,re
2、frainsfromusingthelearners’nativelanguageandusesonlythetargetlanguage.ItwasestablishedinGermanyandFrancearound1900.RepresentativeBerlitzPalmerprincipleDirectcontactprinciple:thebasicthingofthedirectmethodistheestablishmentoflanguageandtoassociatethestudy
3、withexternalexperience.Thatistosay,intheforeignlanguageteaching,eachwordrepresentsthethingorthesignificanceofdirectcontact,notthroughtranslation.BasedontheprincipleofspokenEnglish,oralEnglishteachingisthemajormeansandpurposeoftheentry-levelstageToimitate
4、:throughavarietyofmeanstorepeatthesentence.Imitationandhabitshelptoachieveautomaticdegree.Inadditiontotheabovefourmajorprinciplesofthedirectmethod,thereareotherteachingprinciples,suchastheselectionoflanguagematerials,progressiveprinciple,principleofinter
5、estAdvantages1.UsingavarietyofvisualaidsUsingtheteachingwaythatclosetothereallifeHelptocultivatetheabilityofthinkinginaforeignlanguage.2.Thestudyandapplicationpayattentiontothelanguagepractice,students'learningenthusiasm,learninginterest3.Payattentiontos
6、peakingandpronunciationteachingsothatwecaneffectivelycultivatestudents'abilityofusinglanguageDisadvantages1.Exclusionofnativelanguage,sothatsomeabstractandcomplicatedconceptsaredifficulttounderstand2.Thereisnocleargrammarexplanations,leadstudentstosaymor
7、eerrors.ThenaturalapproachDefinitionTheNaturalApproachemphasizesnaturalcommunicationratherthanformalgrammarstudyandistoleranceoflearners’errors.ThecoreoftheNaturalApproachislanguageacquisitionwhichisconsideredasubconsciousprocess.RepresentativeTracyTerre
8、llStephenKrashenBackground自然教学法于1977年提出，源于加利福尼亚的特瑞尔(T．Terrell)的西班牙语课堂教学实践以及它对第二外语习得的研究成果。1977年他发表的《第二语言习得和学习的自然途径》成为自然教学法的开端特瑞尔与克拉申(S．Krashen)联合，运用第二语言习得理论，提出了自然教学模式，并于1983年出版了《自然路径》(TheNaturalApproach)一书克拉申总结了第二语言的研究成果，并使
