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1、ElectronicDevices:Manyelectronicdevicesareusedonmodernautomobiles.Thesedevicescanbebrokenintotwogroups:Thosethatpresentinformationandthosethatcontrolvehiclefunctions.WarningandindicationSystemElectroniccircuitsanddisplaydevicescanbeusedinplaceofconventionalgaugestopresentinf
2、ormation.Wheninformationispresentedasdigits,ornumbers,itisknownasdigitalinformation.Informationalsocanbepresentedinspokenlanguage.Forexample,whenadoorisajarortheignitionkeyisleftinthelock,amessageisplayedtoalertthedriver.ComputersAcomputerisadevicethatprocesses,orchanges,raw
3、dataintousefulinformation.Thedatathatcomputersreceiveandtheinformationtheydeliverareintheformofelectricalsignals.Processingtoconvertdatasignalsintoinformationsignalsisdirectedbyasetofinstructionsknownasaprogram.Computerscanbeusedtocontrolvehiclefunctions.Thedatamessagesfroms
4、ensorsareprocessedtoproduceanoutputsignal.Theoutputsignalisusedtooperateswitches,relays,motors,solenoids,orotheroutputdevicestocontrolvehiclefunctions.Themainpartsofabasiccomputercontrolsystemare:1)inputsensors,2)computerprocessingunit,3)outputdevices,4)wiringconnections.Ana
5、utomotivecomputercanbethoughtofasa“blackbox”.Ifagiveninputsignalispresentedtothecomputer,itshouldproduceacertainoutput.The“blackbox”simplyprocessestheinputandproducesanoutput.Afullunderstandingoftheinnerpartsandfunctionsofacomputerisnotnecessary.Youneedonlytobeabletodetermin
6、eiftheunitisworkingproperly.Virtuallyanymechanicalorelectricalfunctionofanautomobilecanbecontrolledbyacomputer.Intoday’scars,theuseofcomputersisbeingexpandedconstantly.Themostcommonusesforcomputercontrolsincurrentvehicleinclude:1)electronicignition,2)fueldelivery,3)emissions
7、controls,4)cruisecontrol,5)heatingandairconditioning,6)automaticgearbox,7)suspension,8)anti-lockbrakesystem,1)powersteering,10)anti-theftsystem.FeedbackControlComputers,sensorsandoutputdevicescanbeconnectedtomonitorandadjustvehiclefunctionscontinuously.Forexample,anelectroni
8、cally-carburetorcomputercanmaintaina14.7:1air/fuelratioaftertheenginereache
