过去式和过去分词的变化规律.doc

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1、过去式和过去分词的变化规律⒈A---A---A型(现在式、过去式、过去分词同形)costcostcost花费[]cutcutcut割，切[]hithithit打[]letletlet让[]putputput放下[]readreadread读[]hurthurthurt伤[]⒉A---A---B型(现在式和过去式同形)beatbeatbeaten打[][][]⒊A---B---A型(现在式和过去分词同形)comecamecome来[][][]becomebecamebecome变[][][]run

2、ranrun跑[][][]⒋A---B---B型⑴在动词原形后加一个辅音字母d或t构成过去式或过去分词。burnburntburnt燃烧learnlearned/learntlearned/learnt学习meanmeantmeant意思hearheardheard听见⑵把动词原形的最后一个辅音字母"d"改为"t"构成过去式或过去分词。buildbuiltbuilt建筑lendlentlent借给loselostlost失去sendsentsent送spendspentspent花费⑶其他pay

3、paidpaid付laylaidlaid下蛋saysaidsaid说bringbroughtbrought带来buyboughtbought买thinkthoughtthought想catchcaughtcaught抓住teachtaughttaught教fightfoughtfought战斗sleepsleptslept睡keepkeptkept保持sweepsweptswept扫standstoodstood站understandunderstoodunderstood明白winwonwon

4、得胜shineshone/shinedshone/shined发光feelfeltfelt觉得findfoundfound发现getgotgot得到hanghanged/hunghanged/hung绞死，挂havehadhad有holdheldheld盛，握leaveleftleft离开makemademade制造meetmetmet遇见sellsoldsold卖shootshotshot射击telltoldtold告诉smellsmelt/smelledsmelt/smelled嗅，闻sit

5、satsat坐digdugdug挖⒌A---B---C型(现在式、过去式和过去分词都不相同)⑴在动词原形后加-n或-en构成过去分词。eatateeaten吃fallfellfallen落下givegavegiven给taketooktaken拿seesawseen看见writewrotewritten写rideroderidden骑drivedrovedriven驾驶throwthrewthrown抛，扔blowblewblown吹growgrewgrown生长knowknewknown知道d

6、rawdrewdrawn拉，绘画showshowedshown展示⑵过去式加-n或-en构成过去分词。freezefrozefrozen冻结stealstolestolen偷speakspokespoken说话breakbrokebroken破碎，折断wakewaked/wokewaked/waken醒choosechosechosen选择forgetforgotforgotten忘记⑶变单词在重读音节中的元音字母"i"分别为"a"(过去式)和"u"(过去分词)。beginbeganbegun开

7、始ringrangrung按铃singsangsung唱sinksanksunk沉swimswamswum游泳drinkdrankdrunk饮⑷其他不规则动词的变化。be(am,is)was/werebeen是be(are)werebeen是dodiddone做gowentgone去lielaylain躺wearworeworn穿flyflewflown飞过去分词与现在分词被动式的区别(1)过去分词在构成完成时态，不定式完成式以及被动语态时，通常不能用现在分词一般被动式代替。(现在进行时的被动语

8、态除外)eg:Thedoorwasclosedanhourago.这门在一小时前就关闭了。Theyhavefinishedtheirhomework。他们已经做完了家庭作业(2)过去分词作前置定语时，不能用现在分词一般被动式代替。eg:Thatwasaninspiredsuggestion.那是一条由某人提出的建议。同样现在分词一般被动式作为定语表示动作时，也不能用过去分词来代替。eg:Thehousebeingbuiltisabigproject.正在施工的那幢楼是一项大的工程。(3)过去分词