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1、Part1Stylistics:Definitions“StylisticsisabranchoflinguisticswhichappliesthetheoryandmethodologyofmodernlinguisticstothestudyofStyle.“Simplydefined,Stylisticsisadisciplinethatstudiesthewaysinwhichlanguageisused:itisadisciplinethatstudiesthestylesoflanguageinuse.”“Thestylisticsweared
2、iscussinghereisModernStylistics,adisciplinethatappliesconceptsandtechniquesofmodernlinguisticstothestudyofstylesoflanguageuse.”•Generalstylisticsconcentratessolelyonthegeneralfeaturesofvarioustypesoflanguageuse.Itstudiesthestylisticfeaturesofthemainvarietiesoflanguage,coveringthefu
3、nctionalvarietiesfromthedimensionoffieldsofdiscourse(differentsocialactivities),formalvsinformalvarietiesfromthedimensionoftenorsofdiscourse(differentaddresser-addresseerelationships),andthespokenvswrittenvarietiesfromthedimensionofmodesofdiscourse(differentmediums).•Meanwhile,gene
4、ralstylisticscoversthevariousgenresofliterature(fiction,drama,poetry)initsstudy.Butitfocusesontheinterpretationoftheoverallcharacteristicsofrespectivegenres,withselectedextractsofliterarytextsassamples.Literarystylistics:concentratessolelyonuniqueandoveralllinguisticfeaturesoftheva
5、riousgenresofliterature.（考点）Part2:ViewsonLanguage1.Languageasasocialactivity.Languageisalsoasocialphenomenon,orinstitution,wherebypeoplecommunicateandinteractwitheachother.2.ThephilosophicalviewofLanguageorAlanguageisrelatedtotheactualoccurrenceoflanguageinsociety–whatarecalledlang
6、uageactivities.Allutterances(whetheraword,asentence,orseveralsentences)canbethoughtofasgoal-directedactions.(Austin,1962;Searle,1969)SuchactionsascarriedoutthroughlanguageareSpeechActs.Socialactivitiesinwhichlanguage(eitherspokenorwritten)playsanimportantrolesuchasconversation,disc
7、ussion,lecture,etc.,areSpeechEvents.”3.LanguageisoftencomparedtoaCode,asystemofsignalsorsymbolsusedforsendingaMessage,apieceofinformation.Inanyactofverbalcommunication(bothspokenandwritten,primarilyspoken),languagehasbeenregardedasasystemfortranslatingmeaningsintheAddresser’s(thesp
8、eaker’s/writer’s)mindintos
