美国文学史及选读·考试资料.doc

《美国文学史及选读·考试资料.doc》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。

1、美国文学选读复习资料浪漫主义AmericanRomanticismTheRomanticPeriodstretchesfromtheendofthe18thcenturytotheoutbreakoftheCivilWar.ItisaperiodofthegreatfloweringofAmericanliterature.ThesocialandculturalbackgroundofRomanticismTheyoungRepublicwasflourishingintoapolitically,economicallyandcu

2、lturallyindependentcountry.TheRomanticwritingsrevealeduniquecharacteristicsoftheirownintheirworksandtheygrewonthenativelands.ThedesireforanescapefromsocietyandareturntonaturebecameapermanentconventionofAmericanliterature.TheAmericanPuritanismasaculturalheritageexertedgr

3、eatinfluencesoverAmericanmoralvalues.爱默生Emerson=ThechiefspokesmanofNewEnglandTranscendentalism超验主义HewasadescendentofalonglineofNewEnglandclergymen牧师【pastor】.AmericanTranscendentalismAsaphilosophicalandliterarymovement,AmericanTranscendentalism(alsoknownas“AmericanRenais

4、sance”)flourshedinNewEnglandfromthe1830stotheCivilWar.ItisthehightideofAmericanromanticismanditsdoctrinesfoundtheirgreatestliteraryadvocatesinEmersonandThoreau.TranscendentalistsspokefortheculturalrejuvenationandagainstthematerialismofAmericansociety.Transcendentalism超验

5、主义(+H.D.Thoreau;NathanielHawthorne;)ThemajorfeaturesofTranscendentalism:①TheTranscendentalistsplacedemphasisonspirit,ortheOversoul,asthemostimportantthingintheuniverse.思想超灵宇宙②TheTranscendentalistsstressedtheimportanceoftheindividual.Tothem,theindividualisthemostimportan

6、telementofSociety.个体+社会③TheTranscendentalistsofferedafreshperceptionofnatureassymbolicoftheSpiritorGod.Naturewasnotpurelymatter.Itwasalive,filledwithGod’soverwhelmingpresence.自然+上帝Emerson’s代表作：Nature；Self-Reliance；TheAmericanScholar；TheOver-soul；H.D.Thoreau梭罗andhisworkW

7、alden瓦尔登湖notonlyfullydemonstratesEmersonianideasofself-reliancebutalsodevelopsandtestsThoreau’sowntranscendentalphilosophy.HenryWadsworthLongfellow朗费罗FeaturesofLongfellow’spoeticworksChiefromantictendenciesashumanitarianattitude,loveofnatureandloveofbeauty.ThefirstAmeri

8、canpoettowritenarrativepoems.ConventionalstyleandsubjectsGenerallysimpleideasexpressedmusicallyandpowerfully.S