美国文学史及选读考试整理

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1、WashingtonIrving·BracebridgeHall布雷斯布里奇田庄(1822)·TheLegendofSleepyHollow·TalesofaTraveller旅客谈(1824)·ChristopherColumbus(1828)c.writingcharacteristics·(1)humorous:thefunctionofhiswritingistoamuse,toentertaininsteadofteachingorinstruction·(2)vividandtruecharacterportrayal·(3)finished(refine

2、d)andmusicallanguage,thusregardedas“theAmn.Goldsmith”d.analysisonTheLegendofSleepyHollow(选自thesketchbook见闻札记)·1.thestory:setting,character,plot·2.theme:conflictsandpraise·conflictbetw.IchabodandBrom·conflictbetw.thevillageandtheoutsideworldJamesFenimoreCooper·TheSpy(1821):ahistoricalnov

3、el·ThePilot(1824):aseanovel·LeatherstockingTales皮裹腿故事集(1823-1841):frontiernovels·TheLastMohicans(1826)(ColonialWarbetw.BritainandFrance)e.writingfeatures:·strongpoints:wecanseeavarietyofincidentsandtensions,complicatedplotandstructureandabeautifuldescriptionofnature.·Weakpoints:characte

4、rizationisweak.Thereisunsatisfactorydescriptionofcharacters(esp.female).Heisnotfreefromsyntacticalawkwardness,heavy-handedattemptathumor.“WhereIrvingexcelsCooperisweak.”Dialectisnotauthentic.EdgarAllanPoe·TheFalloftheHouseUsher·Feature:·i.brevity(15pages)·ii.Singleeffect·iii.originality

5、inthemeToHelen·ItwasinspiredbythebeautyofthemotherofaschoolmateofPoeinRichmond,Virginia.·Thepoemisfamousforanumberofthings:·1.itsrhymescheme:ababb·2.itsvariedlinelengths·3.itsmetaphorofatravelonthesea·4.itsoft-quotedlines:·"TotheglorythatwasGreece,/AndthegrandeurthatwasRome."·theme:prai

6、setheidealloveandbeautyandancientGreekandRomancivilizationsTheRaven乌鸦·theme:thelamentoverthedeathofabeautifulwoman·tone:melancholyTranscendentalism(essayists,poets,novelists)·Theirjournalis“TheDial”.·Definition:Transcendentalismisidealism.(Emerson)b.features·(1)stressonOversoul,thatissp

7、irit.·(2)stresstheimportanceofindividual.·(3)freshconceptionofnature.c.significance·(1)inspiredawholegenerationofwriterssuchasWhitman,MelvilleandDickinson.·(2)dressesman’ssubjectiveinitiativeasopposedtomaterialism.·(3)liberatedpeoplefromCalvin’soriginalsind.limitation·(1)shallo