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1、导学案被动语态【语言感知】将下列句子译成汉语①TheGreatWallwasbuiltmorethan2000yearsold.②AnewbridgeisbeingbuiltacrosstheChangjiangRiver.③Theprojectwill(isgoingto)befinishednextmonth.④Manytreeshavebeenplantedaroundthelake. ⑤Oldpeopleshouldbetakencareof/lookedafter.⑥Bookscan’tb
2、etakenoutofthelibrary.⑦Agiftwasgiventomeonmybirthday.⑧Whataretheshirtsmadeof?Aretheymadeofcotton?Whereweretheymade?⑨AsfarasIknow,teaplantsaregrownonthesidesofmountains.⑩Thepaintingisn’tmadefromgrass.【合作探究】一、英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者,或者只需强调动作的承
3、受者时，要用被动语态.二、基本结构：be+过去分词(PP)+(by…)不同时态下的被动语态时态助动词be例句一般现在时am/is/are+PPThestudentismadetostandthereforhalfanhour.一般过去时was/were+PPAnewpenwasgiventoherbyhermotheryesterday.现在进行时am/is/arebeing+PPAlotofthingsarebeingdonebypeopletosavethelittlegirlnow.过去进行时
4、was/werebeing+PPThelittleboywasbeingbeatenbyatallmanwhenIcamehere.现在完成时have/hasbeen+PPHowmanytreeshavebeenplantedthisyear?过去完成时had/been+PPOurhomeworkhadbeenfinishedbeforewewenthome.一般将来时will/shallbe+PPTheplaywillbeputonnextSunday.am/is/aregoingtobe+PPA
5、partyisgoingtobeheldnextmonth.过去将来时would/shouldbeHesaidthatthebookswouldbeputawaysoon.was/weregoingtobe+PP 情态动词情态动词+be+PPTheoldpeopleshouldbetakencareof.注意：see,watch,hear,notice,feel,make,listento,lookat等动词/短语后作宾语补语的不定式都不带to；但改成被动语态后必须带to。常用结构Beseentod
6、o,bemadetodo,beheardtodo,bewatchedtodo。※Heisoftenheardtoplaytheguitar.三、主动式表被动的几种特殊情况：1.动词(表示主语的属性特征)+副词(well/badly/easily/smoothly),用主动式表被动义。read,write,sell,wash,clean,wear,lock,open,cook,shut,dry,eat,drink,…※Thebookssellwell．Thiskindofclothwasheseasi
7、ly．2.不定式在某些形容词后作状语,且和句子的主语(或宾语)构成动宾关系时,用主动式表被动义。difficult,easy,导学案hard,fit,pleasant,good,comfortable,light,heavy,safe,…※Thefishisnotfittoeat(eat)．WefindEnglishishard_______(learn)．Thearticleisdifficult___________(understand).3.不定式作后置定语,与被修饰的名词构成动宾关系,又和
8、该句主语(或宾语)构成主谓关系时,用主动式表被动义。※Ihavealotofhomework______(do)．I’llgivehimsomebooks______(read)．4.表示状态特征的连系动词+adj./n.,用主动式表被动义。(look,sound,feel,smell,taste,prove,appear,make,...)※Thesteelfeelscold．5.表示“开始、结束、运动”的动词用主动式表被动义。(begin,open,start,s
