The-Theatre-of-the-Absurd.荒诞戏剧的介绍ppt1.ppt

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1、TheatreoftheAbsurdHuangLihuaPh.D.&associateprofessorMainContentsofThisLecture1.DefinitionofTheatreoftheAbsurd2.Historical&PhilosophicalBackground3.Differencesbetweenanabsurdistplayandthewellmadeplay4.TheMostImportantPrecursors5.TheatreoftheAbsurdinChina6.Summary1.Whatisca

2、lled“absurd”and“TheatreoftheAbsurd”?2.Whataredifferencesbetweenanabsurdistplayandthewellmadeplay?3.Whataremotifs&themesinTheatreoftheAbsurd?4.HowmanyimportantprecursorsofTheatreoftheAbsurdhaveyouknown?QuestionsforyourconsiderationsⅠ.DefinitionTheword“Absurd”wasfirstsugges

3、tedbyAlbertCamus(阿尔伯特·加缪，1913-1960)in1942inTheMythofSisphyus(《西西弗的神话》),inwhichCamustriestodiagnosethehumansituationintheworldofshatteredbelief,ashesaid:“Aworldthatcanbeexplainedbyreasoning,howeverfaulty,isafamiliarworld.Butinauniversethatissuddenlydeprivedofillusionsandof

4、lightpeoplefeelstrangers.Theyareirremediableexilesbecausetheyaredeprivedofmemoriesofalosthomelandasmuchastheylackthehopeofapromisedlandtocome.Thisdivorcebetweenpeopleandtheirlives,theactorandhissetting,trulyconstituesthefeelingofabsurdity.”AccordingtoEugeneIonesco(欧仁·尤奈斯库

5、，1909-1994)，whowasborninRomaniabutlivedinParis,“Absurdisthatwhichisdevoidofpurpose…Cutofffromhisreligious,metaphysical&transcendentalroots,manislost,allhisactionsbecomesenseless,absurd,useless.”TheTheatreoftheAbsurdisatermappliedtoagroupofdramatistswhowereactiveinthe1950’

6、s.ThenamewasprobablycoinedbyMartinEsslininhisbookTheTheatreoftheAbsurd(1961).Thephilosophicalbasisoftheabsurdisttheatreisexistentialismthatdeniesthemeaningofhumanexistenceandmaintainsthatthereisnocommunicationatallbetweenpersonandperson.Theworldseemsruthlessandincomprehen

7、sible.Humanbeingshavelostconfidencecompletely,whichresultedfromthecapitalistideologyafterWW2.Ⅱ.Historical&PhilosophicalBackground1.Waningofreligiousfeeling2.BreakdownoftheliberalfaithinaninevitablesocialprogressafterWW13.Relapseintobarbarism,massmurder&genocideinthecourse

8、ofHitler’sbriefruleoverEuropeduringWW24.Disillusionmentwiththehopesofaradicalsocialrevolutionasp