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1、SectionVIIWorldwidePractice©2000byCRCPressLLC63BridgeDesignPracticeinChina63.1IntroductionHistoricalEvolution•BridgeDesignTechniques•ExperimentalResearchofDynamicandSeismicLoads•WindTunnelTestTechniques•BridgeConstructionTechniques63.2BeamBridgesGeneralDescription•ExamplesofBeamB
2、ridges63.3ArchBridgesGeneralDescription•ExamplesofMasonryArchBridge•ExamplesofPrestressedConcrete,ReinforcedConcrete,andArchBridges63.4T-TypeandContinuousRigidFrameBridgesGeneralDescription•ExamplesofT-TypeRigidFrameBridge•ExamplesofContinuousRigidFrameBridges63.5SteelBridgesGene
3、ralDescription•ExamplesofSteelBridges63.6Cable-StayedBridgesGeneralDescription•ExamplesofGuohaoLiCable-StayedBridgesTongjiUniversity63.7SuspensionBridgesRuchengXiaoGeneralDescription•ExamplesofTongjiUniversitySuspensionBridges63.1Introduction63.1.1HistoricalEvolutionWitharecorded
4、historyofabout5000years,Chinahasavastterritory,topographicallyhigherinthenorthwestandlowerinthesoutheast.Networkedwithrivers,Chinahasthewell-knownvalleysoftheYangtzeRiver,theYellowRiver,andthePearlRiver,whicharethecradleoftheChinesenationandculture.Throughouthistory,theChinesenat
5、ionerectedthousandsofbridges,whichformanimportantpartofChineseculture.©2000byCRCPressLLCFIGURE63.1AnjiBridge.AncientChinesebridgesareuniversallyacknowledgedandhaveenjoyedhighprestigeinworldbridgehistory.Theycanbeclassifiedintofourcategories:beam,arch,cablesuspension,andpontoonbrid
6、ges.TheearliestreferencetothebeambridgeinChinesehistoryistheJuBridgedatingfromtheShangDynasty(16thto11thcenturyB.C.).DuringtheSongDynasty(A.D.960to1279),alargenumberofstonepierandstone-beambridgeswereconstructed.InQuanzhoualone,asrecordedinancientbooks,110bridgeswereerectedduring
7、thetwocenturies,including10well-knownones.Forexample,the362-spanAnpingBridgewasknownforitslengthof2223m,anationalrecordforover700years.Toelongatethespan,eitherthetimberbeamsorthestoneoneswereplacedhorizontallyontopofeachother,theupperlayercantileveringoverthelowerone,thussupporti
8、ngthesimplebeaminthemiddle.Theextantsing
