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1、54StatisticsofSteelWeightofHighwayBridges54.1Introduction54.2DesignCriteriaLiveLoads•Materials54.3DatabaseofSteelWeights54.4StatisticsofSteelWeightsSimplySupportedNoncompositePlateGirderBridges•SimplySupportedCompositePlateGirderBridges•SimplySupportedBo
2、x-GirderBridges•ContinuouslySupportedPlateGirderBridges•ContinuouslySupportedBox-GirderBridges•TrussBridges•ArchBridges•RahmenBridges(RigidFrames)•Cable-StayedBridges54.5RegressionEquations54.6ComparisonsCompositeandNoncompositeGirders•SimplyandContinuou
3、slySupportedGirders•FramedBridges•RCSlabandSteelDeck54.7AssessmentofBridgeDesignShoujiTomaDeviation•AssessmentofDesignHokkai-GakuenUniversity,Japan54.8Summary54.1IntroductionInthischapter,adatabaseofsteelhighwaybridgesisformedtoassessdesignsbyanalyzingth
4、emstatistically.Notwobridgesareexactreplicasofeachotherbecauseoftheinfinitevarietyofsiteconditions.Eachbridgemeetsspecificsoil,traffic,economic,andaestheticsconditions.Thestruc-turalform,thesupportconditions,thelength,width,andgirderspacing,pedestrianlanes,
5、andthematerials,alldependonauniquecombinationofdesigncriteria.Evenifthestipulatedcriteriaareidentical,thefinalbridgesarenot,astheynaturallyreflecttheindividualintentionsofdifferentdesigners.Therefore,steelweightisamajorinteresttoengineers.Steelweightofhigh
6、waybridgesisoneofthemostimportantofthemanyfactorsthatinfluencebridgeconstructionprojects.Theweightgivesagoodindicationofstructural,economic,andsafety©2000byCRCPressLLCfeaturesofthebridge.Generally,theweightisexpressedbyasaforcepersquareunitofroadsurfacear
7、ea(tonf/m2orkN/m2).Stochasticdistributionoftheweightincludesmanyinfluentialfactorstodesignsthatcausescatter.Theanalysisofthisscattermaysuggestthecharacteristicsofthebridges.Asageneralrule,simplebridgesarelighterthanmorecomplexones,bridgeswithhighsafetymar
8、ginsareheavier,andcompositeconstructionresultsinalighterbridgeoverall.Adesignertherebygetsinsightintothecharacteristicsofabridge.Asbridgedesignalsorequirestheestimateofsteelweightinadvance,thedatacollectedhereareuseful.InJ
