Bridge engineering handbook桥梁工程手册-14正交各向异性桥面板桥梁.pdf

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1、14OrthotropicDeckBridges14.1Introduction14.2ConceptualDecisionsTypicalSections•OpenRibsvs.ClosedRibs•Economics14.3ApplicationsPlate-GirderBridges•Box-GirderBridges•ArchBridges•MovableBridges•TrussBridges•AlfredR.MangusCable-StayedBridges•SuspensionBridgesCaliforniaDepartment14.4Design

2、ConsiderationsofTransportationGeneral•DeckDesign•RibDesign•FloorBeamShawnSunandGirderDesign•FatigueCaliforniaDepartmentConsiderations•BridgeFailures•CorrosionofTransportationProtection•WearingSurface•FutureDevelopments14.1IntroductionThischapterwilldiscussthemajordesignissuesoforthotr

3、opicsteel-decksystems.Emphasiswillbegiventothedesignoftheclosed-ribsystem,whichispracticablytheonlysystemselectedfororthotropicsteeldeckbytheengineersaroundtheworld.Examplesofshortspanstosomeoftheworld’slong-spanbridgesutilizingtrapezoidalribswillbepresented.Thesubjectoffabricationdet

4、ailingandfatigueresistantdetailsnecessarytoprepareasetofcontractbridgeplansforcon-structionisbeyondthescopeofthischapter.However,thebasicissuesoffatigueanddetailingarepresented.Formoredetaileddiscussion,thebestreferencesarefourcomprehensivebooksonorthotropicsteeldecksystemsbyWolchuk[1

5、],Troitsky[2],andtheBritishInstitutionofCivilEngineers[3,4].14.2ConceptualDecisions14.2.1TypicalSectionsModernorthotropicweldedsteel-deckbridgeribsystemsweredevelopedbyGermanengineersinthe1950s[1,2].Theycreatedthewordorthotropicwhichisfromorthogonalfororthoandanisotropicfortropic.Ther

6、efore,anorthotropicdeckhasanisotropicstructuralpropertiesat90°.Structuralsteelisusedbymostengineersalthoughothermetalssuchasaluminumcanbeused,aswellasadvancedcomposite(fiberglass)materials.©2000byCRCPressLLCTheopen(torsionallysoft)andclosed(torsionallystiff)rib-framingsystemfororthotro

7、picdeckbridgesdevelopedbytheGermansisshowninFigure14.1.Theopen-ribandclosed-ribsystemsarethetwobasictypesofribsthatareparalleltothemainspanofthebridge.Theseribsarealsousedtostiffenotherplatecomponentsofthebridge.Flatplates,angles,splitTs,orhalfbeamsaretypesofopenribsthatarealwayswelde

8、dtoth