乙醇(中学化学双语教学-省常中-房寿高).ppt

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1、organiccompoundsinfood劝君更尽一杯酒，西出阳关无故人。抽刀断水水更流，举杯消愁愁更愁。---------送行酒---------苦恼酒乙醇ethanol['eθə,nɔl]1.PhysicalpropertiesColorless,transparentliquidwithspecialfragrance(香味）,itsldensitylessthanwater,veryvolatile(挥发性的）,verysolubleinwater,candissolveavarietyofinorganicandorganicmatters.Ini

2、ndustrialalcohol,thereissomemethanol[‘meθənɔl]甲醇(orwoodalcohol).Itisexceedinglypoisonous,andcancauseblindnessiftakeninternally(内服）.2.ComponentandstructureChemicalformulaC2H6OEthanol(乙醇)reactswithsodiumkerosene[‘kerəsi:n]煤油Itsmainingredientishydrocarbon.Cansodiumreactwithkerosene?Whi

3、chisthestructureofethanol?Structureformula：Simplestructureformula：CH3CH2OH或C2H5OHElectronicformula：CHHHOH··········CH······H····Functionalgroup：—OHhydroxyl[hai'drɔksil]羟基Theelectronformulaof-OHHowmanyelectronsarethereinonemoleof-OH?9NAball-and-stickmodelspace-fillingmodel3.Chemicalp

4、roperties1)oxidationreactionCH3CH2OH+3O2→2CO2+3H2O点燃（2）catalyticoxidation催化氧化（1）combustionPhenomena:heatedinair,copperwireturnsblack.whenputintotheethanol,itturnsred;Atthesametimesomepungentodoursubstanceisproduced.reactionprocess：CH3CH2OH+1/2O2CH3CHO+H2OCu或Ag△Overallreaction：乙醛：eth

5、anal[,eθə'næl]C—C—HHHHHO—HO夺走两个氢生成水－C原子－C原子OHCH3－CH－CH3+O221Cu或Ag△propanone['prəupənəun]丙酮Cannotbeoxidatedwithcatalyst.CH3CH3－C－OHCH3EthanolcanmakeKMnO4(H+)fade（3）reactswithstrongoxidant2)substitutionreactionReactswithsodium2CH3CH2OH+2Na→2CH3CH2ONa+H2↑3)Eliminationreaction(消去反应）C—

6、C—HHHHHO—H条件：-C上要有氢4.Preparationofethanol1）Fermentationofstarch(淀粉发酵）淀粉酶：amylase['æmileis]葡萄糖：glucose[‘ɡlu:kəus]酒化酶：zymase['zaimeis]2）Ethylenehydration（乙烯水化法）CH2＝CH2＋H2OCH3CH2OH催化剂加热加压SUMMARYWhichbondwillbefractured(断裂）?C—C—O—HHHHHH①②④③1）reactswithNa()2）catalyticoxidation()3）prepar

7、ationofC2H4()①①和③②和④谢谢！