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1、Chapter4TranslationTechniques（110214134杨倩)Inthischapter,wearegoingtostudydifferenttranslationtechniquesindetails.Therefore,firstofall,it’sworthwhilediscussingbrieflythedifferencebetweenthethreewords,whichareoftenusedintranslation:approaches,methods,techniques.Approach:
2、wemeanthatanideaortheoryisbeingapplied:thatwhateverthetranslatordoes,certaintheoreticalprinciplesarealwaysborneinmind.Thewordmuchmoregeneralandhastheimplicationthatwhatevermethodsortechniquesthatthetranslatoruses,he/shedoesnotfeelboundbythese,butonlybytheoryinwhichhe/s
3、hebelieves.Buthe/shewilladopttheseifhe/shefindnewandbettermethodsortechniqueswhichfitinwithhis/herapproach.Technique:wemeanaprocedureusedinthetranslation.Atechniquethenisthenarrowestterm,meaningonesingleprocedure.Method:amethodisasetofproceduresoracollectionoftechnique
4、susedinasystematicwaywhichitishopedwillresultinsuccessfultranslation.Namely,itwillconsistofanumberoftechniques,probablyarrangedinaspecificorder.wethereforehaveahierarchicalsystemfromwhichitfollowsthatdifferentapproachesmaysharethesametechniquesandeventhesamemethods;and
5、differentmethodsmaysharethesametechniques.ApproachMethod1Method2TechniqueATechniqueBetc.Generallyspeaking,thetranslationtechniquesincludethefollowings:4.1Diction（遣词用字）4.2Repetition（重译法）4.3Amplification（增译法）4.4Omission(减译法)4.5Conversion(转换法)4.6Inversion（词序调整法）4.7Negatio
6、n(正说反译，反说正译法)4.8Changeofvoices(语态变换法)4.9Division（分译法）4.10Combination（合译法）4.1Diction（遣词用字）Howmanymeaningscanawordpossiblyhave?Diction,theproperchoiceofwordsandphrasestoexpressmeaning,isoneofthebasictranslationtechniques.Itmustbebasedontheaccuratecomprehensionoftheorigin
7、al.Themeaningofawordisitsuseinthelanguage,notonlyitsdefinitionsinthedictionary.Wordsdonothavemeaning;peoplehavemeaningforwords.4.1Diction（遣词用字）4.1.1WordMeaning:4.1.2ChoiceofWordMeanings.4.1.1WordMeaning:1.GrammaticalMeaning.2.LexicalMeaning.1.GrammaticalMeaning.Grammat
8、icalMeaningreferstothatpartofmeaningwhichindicatesgrammaticalrelationshipsorfunctions,suchastensemeaning,singularmean
