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1、青光眼基因定位CPPang香港中文大学眼科视觉科学系青光眼视网膜神经节细胞和视神经变性,通常由高眼压引起视觉损伤和致盲的常见原因不可逆性致盲的主要原因(香港,23%)原发性开角型青光眼(POAG),影响到世界人口的1-2%中国人流行病学统计显示,原发性闭角型青光眼(PACG)高于POAG青光眼遗传学单基因决定多因素:人、环境和遗传因素的交互作用候选基因多基因遗传学:遗传的,家族的,先天的,散在的,获得的原发性开角型青光眼始发基因基因位点儿童/迟发GLC1A(TIGR/MYOC)1q24-25成年,慢性GLC1B2cen-q13成年,慢性GLC1C3q21-24成年GLC1D8q23成年GLC1
2、E(OPTN)10p14-15成年GLC1F7q35-36先天性GLC3A(CYP1B1)2p21先天性GLC3B1p36进展性PITX24q25PAX6,FOXC1其他至少附加10个染色体定位:2,10,14,17,19……..2q33.3-37.3(D2S2188-D2S2178)10p12-13(D10S1477-D10S601)香港中文大学,眼科和视觉科学系青光眼遗传学当前研究微排列表达概貌小梁网基因图谱和连锁分析中国和菲律宾POAG家族复合SNPs的多变性分析OPTN,MYOC,APOE患者和家族的补充表现型-基因型相关性的大规模基因突变筛查OPTN,MYOC,…….启动子(5kb)
3、外显子1(604bp)start外显子2(126bp)外显子3(782bp)内显子1(>10kb)内显子2(~1.5kb)polyAsignalSignalpeptideL-zipperMyosin(25%)Olfactomedin(40%)TIGR/MYOC基因(1q23-q24)GLC1A基因位点1q21-q31高加索谱系:37subjects,22JOAGShort-tandem-repeatpolymorphismmarkersonChromosome1D1S212:MaximumLODscore6.5Recombinationfractionθ=.008othermarkers:LO
4、D>3.0SheffieldetalNatGenet1993TIGR/MYOC基因Dexamethasoneinduceddelayedandprogressivecellularandextracellularprotein/glycoproteininculturedhumantrabecularmeshworkcells.Polanskyetal1991Clonedthetrabecularmeshworkinducedglucocorticoidresponse(TIGR)geneusingcDNAlibrariesfrom10-day500nMDEXtreatedHTMculture
5、s.Nguyenetal1993Myocilin,acytoskeletalprotein,expressedintheretinaphotoreceptorcellsandlocalizedinthebasalbodyofphotoreceptorconnectingcilium,playingroleinintracellulartrafficandcellmotility.KubotaetalGenomics1997ThecDNATIGRandMYOCidenticalTIGR/MYOC基因NguyenetalJBiolChem1998KubotaetalBiochemBiophyRe
6、sCommun1998表达于巩膜,睫状体,小梁网,视网膜;心脏,肺,胰腺>30青光眼相关性基因突变已确认中国人中新发现的青光眼相关性基因突变:Arg91Stop(271CT),Glu300Lys(898GA;900GA),Tyr471Cys(1412AG)PangetalIOVS20021.5-4%POAG与基因突变相关AlwardetalScience1997FingertetalHumMolGenet1999KubotaetalHumMutation2000PangetalIOVS2002常染色体为主的突变K423E未导致青光眼MorissetteetalNatureGenet19
7、98TIGR/MYOC启动子2-5kbRegulatoryelements:TATAbox,CATbox,ERE,GRE,nGRE,PRE,serumRE,shearstressRE,AP-1,AP-2NguyenetalJBiolChem1998KirteinetalGenesCells2000CulturedTMcells,DexamehtasoneinducedTIGR/MYOCtransc