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时间:2020-04-06
《2010年早产儿呼吸窘迫综合征欧洲共识(中英对照).ppt》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在行业资料-天天文库。
1、EuropeanConsensusGuidelinesontheManagementofNeonatalRespiratoryDistressSyndromeinPreterminfants-2010UpdatePrenatalCare产前治疗MothersathighriskofpretermbirthshouldbetransferredtoperinatalcentreswithexperienceinmanagementofRDS(C).有早产高危因素的母亲应被转运至对处理新生儿呼吸窘迫综合症有丰富经验的医疗中心。Cliniciansshouldoff
2、erasinglecourseofantenatalsteroidstoallwomenatriskofpretermdeliveryfromabout23weeksupto35completedweeks’gestation(A).对于孕23周至35周有早产高危因素的母亲,医生均应使用一疗程产前激素。Antibioticsshouldbegiventomotherswithpretermpre-labourruptureofthemembranesasthisreducestheriskofpretermdelivery(A).对于有早产高危因素合并胎膜早破
3、的孕妇,抗生素的使用可减少早产的发生。Cliniciansshouldconsidershort-termuseoftocolyticdrugstoallowcompletionofacourseofantenatalsteroidsand/orinuterotransfertoaperinatalcentre(A).医生应考虑短期使用抗分娩药物,使产前激素疗程可完成/能及时转运至医疗中心。AsecondcourseofantenatalsteroidsshouldbeconsiderediftheriskfromRDSisfelttooutweightheu
4、ncertaintyaboutpossiblelong-termadverseeffects(D).Oneexamplewherebenefitmightoutweightheriskismultiplepregnancy(C).若考虑发生新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征的危险大于使用激素产生长期副作用的不确定性,应考虑使用第二疗程的产前激素。其中一个利大于弊的例子是多胎妊娠。DeliveryRoomStabilisationIfpossible,delayclampingoftheumbilicalcordforatleast30-45swiththebabyheldb
5、elowthemothertopromoteplacento-fetaltransfusion(A).如果可能,延迟钳夹脐带30-45秒,且使婴儿位置低于母亲,有利于母-婴输血。Oxygenforresuscitationshouldbecontrolledbyusinganair-oxygenblender.Thelowestconcentrationofoxygenpossibleshouldbeusedduringstabilisation,providedthereisanadequateheartrateresponse.Aconcentration
6、of30%oxygenisappropriatetostartstabilisationandadjustmentsupordownshouldbeguidedbyapplyingpulseoximetryfrombirthtogiveinformationonheartrate(B).Normalsaturationsduringtransitionimmediatelyafterbirthinverypreterminfantsmaybebetween40and60%,reachingbetween50and80%at5minofageandshouldb
7、e>85%by10minofage.Exposuretohyperoxiashouldbeavoidedduringstabilisation(B).复苏时氧气浓度需用空气-氧气混合器控制。需要使用最低的氧浓度达到使婴儿稳定的目的(合适的心率)。30%的氧浓度作为复苏起始的氧浓度较适宜,然后根据脉搏-氧饱和度仪提供心率的信息作出调整。对于极早产儿,生后立即的氧饱和度大约为40-60%,5分钟时上升至50-80%,10分钟时应>85%。应避免复苏时高氧的暴露。Inspontaneouslybreathingbabiesstartstabilisationwith
8、CPAPofatleast5-6cmH
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