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1、汉译英中几个特殊的问题第一章文化词语的翻译物质文化词语食物:馒头steamedbread窝窝头Wowotou服饰:对襟衣:mandarincoats或button-downjackets中山装:Mao’ssuit/jacket物品:加工食物用的筛子boult筷子chopsticks宣纸ricepaper砚台inkstone毛笔brush古代人身上背的褡裢Apouchwornatthegirdle;Longrectangularbagwornroundthewaistoracrosstheshoulder精神
2、文化词语宗教类:城隍庙:towngod门神:doorgod灶爷:Thegodofthehearth寿星:Godofthelongevity太岁:Godoftheyear(一)音译法豆腐toufu饺子jiaozi算盘suanpan老子Loats孔子(孔夫子)Confucius2.音译加解释法中国传统乐器,二胡:Theerhufiddle古典诗词,词:theCiPoetry戏曲里的角色,生:Sheng,thechiefmale古代的器皿,尊:Zun,winevessel鬲:Li,hollow-leggedtri
3、podvessels压岁钱:TopresentchildrenwithnewlyprintedcashasYasuiqian,orgiftmoney,isoneritualofChineseinCelebratingLunarNewYear.(2006-1-31Chinadaily)2008年奥运吉祥物福娃.Fuwa,thefivemascotsofthe2008BeijingOlympicgames.TheyareBeibei,Jingjing,Huanhuan,YingyingandNini,which
4、means“Beijingwelcomesyou”inChinese.3.音译加注释这一夜没有月,未庄在黑暗里很寂静,寂静到像羲皇时候一般太平.WeiVillagelayveryquietinthedarkness,asquietasitmighthavelainduringthereignofFuXi.LegendaryrulerofhighantiquityunderwhoseidyllicreignChinaprosperedinpeaceandtranquility.(直译法)1.直译加解释法黄白之
5、术Theartofthe“yellowandwhite”,orthetransmutationofbasemetalsintogoldandsilver.尼姑待他们走后,定了神来检点,龙牌固然已经碎在地上了,而且又不见了观音娘娘座前的一个宣德炉.(阿Q正传)Thenun,pullingherselftighteraftertheyhadgone,madeaninspection.Naturallytheimperialtablethadbeensmashedintofragmentsontheground,
6、andthevaluableHsuanTecenserbeforetheshrineofKuanyin,thegoddessofmercy,hadalsodisappeared.(杨宪益,戴乃迭译)2.直译加注释(1)从此空空道人因空见色,由色生情,传情入色,自色悟空……Asaconsequenceofallthis,Vanitas,startingoffintheVoid(whichistruth)cametothecontemplationofForm(whichisillusion);andfromF
7、ormengerderedPassion;andbycommunicationPassion,enteredagainintoForm;andfromFormawoketotheVoid(whichistruth)(2)孙子曰:兵者,国之大事,生死之地,存亡之道,不可不察也.SunTzusaid:Whatiswar?Itmaybedescribedasoneofthemostimportantaffairstothestateorlifeofbothsoldiersandpeople,andtheway*t
8、hatgovernsthesurvivalortheruinsofthestate.Sowemustdeliberatelyexamineandstudyit.(三)意译法(1)他写了一封”黄伞格”的信,托假洋鬼子带上城,而且托他给自己绍介绍介,去进自由党.Hehadwrittenanextremelyformalletter,andaskedtheImitationForeignDeviltotakeittot
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