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1、北外英汉同传2015年考研英汉互译真题一、英译汉1.“Millionsofpeoplebelongingtonational,ethnic,religiousandlinguisticminoritiesaretrappedinacycleofdiscrimination,exclusion,povertyandunderdevelopmentfromwhichtheycannotbreakfreewithouttargetedattentionbeinggiventotheirsituations,”saidUNIndependentExperto
2、nminorityissues,duringthepresentationofherlatestreporttotheHumanRightsCouncilinGeneva.“Disadvantagedminoritiesshouldbeamongthefirsttargetsofdevelopmentstrategies,yettoooftentheyhavebeenamongthelast,”sheinsisted,challengingStatesanddevelopmentactorstodomoretoensurethatthenewpost
3、-2015developmentgoalsandstrategiesrespondtothesituationofthemostdeprivedminorities.HerreportsinglesoutlackofattentiontothesituationofminoritiesasoneofthemostseriousdeficienciesoftheMillenniumDevelopmentGoals,asetoftargetsagreedbyworldleadersatthestartofthenewcenturytodrasticall
4、ydiminishthenumberofpeopleaffectedbyaraftofpoverty,healthanddevelopmentchallengesby2015.“TheriseofinequalityhasseverelyunderminedtheachievementsinmanyStates,”shewarned.“Futuredevelopmentgoalsmustincludededicatedattentiontominoritiestocontributetoclosingtheinequalitygap.”2.Rapid
5、lydecliningfertility–especiallyifratesgoverylow–doesposechallenges.Yetitalsocanprovidesubstantialbenefitsthathavereceivedlessattention.First,asnoted,fertilitydeclineisassociatednearlyeverywherewithgreaterrightsandopportunitiesforwomen.Thedeferralofmarriageandthereductionofbirth
6、stotwo,oneornoneacrosssomuchoftheworld–and,again,incountriesthatarestillfarfromrich–arebroadlyconsistentwiththehighereducationalattainmentandcareeraspirationsofyoungwomen.Itisnosurprisethatthehand-wringersoverfertilitydeclineareusuallymen.Second,theworkforcesofsocietieswithlow-
7、to-moderatefertilityratesoftenachievehigherlevelsofproductivitythandohigherfertilitysocieties.ThisisonereasonChina’seconomicgrowthfaroutstrippedIndia’sfrom1970to2010–aperiodwhenfertilitydeclinedrapidlyinChina(thoughonlypartlybecauseoftheone-childpolicy,nowbeingrelaxed),butdidno
8、tdeclineasmuchinmostofIndia.Third,byenhancingtheemploy
