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1、TransferoftheNegative(否定转移)(1).把主句的否定转移到that从句think,believe,suppose,expect,imagine,fancy,reckon引导的从句,在英翻中时应使用否定转移E.g.Wedon’tbelievethatourmothertongueisinferiortoanyotherlanguageintheworld.我们相信,祖国的语言并不亚于世界任何其他语言。Idon'tthinkthatyouareagay.我不認為你搞基。有些动词,如a
2、ssume,surmise和presume,引导的从句中,在英翻中时主句的否定不能转移到从句当中E.g.Ican’tassumethathiselderauntcame.我不能假定他大姨媽来了。Iassumethathiselderauntcouldn’tcome.我猜想他不能来。(2).把谓语动词的否定转移到状语E.g.Romewasnotbuiltinaday.羅馬非朝夕建成Loveisnotmadebyanyone.愛無刻意。Justbecauseshedoesn'tshoutyoushould
3、notsupposethatsheissatisfied.你不可只因为她不骂你,就以为她心满意足了。(3).把句子的其他成分转移到动词E.g.Hegavemenotevenamomenttocollectrubbish.他打扰我收破烂。2.ConversionoftheAffirmativeintotheNegative(肯定形式译成否定形式)什么是肯定形式的英语句子?--英语句子中既没有否定词,如no,not,never,none,neither,nobody,nothing,nowhere,now
4、ise,也没有带有否定前缀或后缀的词,如dis-,im-,in-,ir-,non-,un-,-less.中文的肯定句又是怎样的呢?--中文的肯定句,句子中不含有“不”,“非”,“否”,“没(有)”,“未”,“别”,“勿”,“莫”,“休”,“甭”。E.g.Takeitorleaveit.买不买随你。ThattimewhenheplayedasHolmesIdoubledupwithlaughter.他演福尔摩斯那一回,我笑得直不起腰来。3.ConversionoftheNegativeintotheAf
5、firmative(否定形式译成肯定形式)(1).ConversionofEnglishWordswithNegativePrefixesorSuffixesintoAffirmativeFormsWordsNegativeFormAffirmativeFormincomplete不完全的残缺的unasked未经邀请的自告奋勇的unprecedented前所未有的空前的dislike不喜欢反感、讨厌disbelief不相信怀疑undisguised无伪装的公然、公开的E.G.Yesterdaythe
6、Presidentgaveanunpreparedspeechbeforeabigaudience.昨天总统在大庭广众面前即兴致辞。Aren’ttheyfine,thesethreemenaregoingoffintonowherelikethat?这三人真行,前途茫茫,就这样去了。(2).ConversionofNegativeSentencesintoAffirmativesMyovercoatwouldnotwearout.我的大衣十分耐穿。Ifthatisn’twhatIwant!就它了!No
7、thingismoremysteriousthanthesmileofMonalisa.蒙娜丽莎的微笑是最神秘的啦。4.TranslationofEnglishQuestionsandAnswers(英语问答句译法)(1).TranslationofAnswerstoNegativeQuestions注意:在回答否定问句时,英汉间的差异。Areyounotpreparedtodothiswork?你不打算做这项工作吗?Yes,Iam.不,我打算做。No,I’mnot.是的,我不打算做。(2).Tra
8、nslationofNegativeQuestionsLook,somebeautiesarecomingthisway,don’tyouseethem?瞧,有几个美女往这边来了,你看见了吗?(cf.你没看见吗?)Ilikebananasverymuch,don’tyou?我很喜欢香蕉,你呢?Hewon’tgotothehotel,butwillshe?他不去旅店,那她呢?SomequestionsinEnglishlooklikedisjunctive