朱柏铭制作全套配套课件公共经济学理论与应用7.ppt

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1、PublicexpenditurescaleI.ExpansionfactorsofpublicexpenditurescaleTheoptimalscaleofpublicexpendituresreferstothesituationthatthepublicsectorpossessestheefficientamountofresourcesthatcanbeallocatedamongthewholesociety.Influencingfactorsofexpenditurescaleex

2、pansionThefinancialexpenditureofacountryoradistrictisalwaysexpanding.ItiscalledWagner’sLaw.Tosumup,therearethreecategoriesofinfluencingfactorsasfollows:(1)EconomicfactorsEconomiclevel;idlesocialcapital;pricelevel.(2)SocialfactorsWarsandsocialtroubles;so

3、cialsecuritycause;populationandthemakeup;citificationlevel;technologicalprogresses.(3)PoliticalfactorsGovernmentbehaviorscope,bureaucraticmotivesandbehaviors;decision-makingways.III.Socialcost-benefitanalysis1.ConceptDividethebudgetexpenditureintosevera

4、lspecificprograms,calculatethesocialcostandbenefitofeveryprogramrespectively,compareamongthedifferentprograms,arrangetheminasequenceandchooseprogramsthatthesocialbenefitexceedsthesocialcost.2.Classification(1)Realcost-benefitandfinancialcost-benefit;(2)

5、Directcost-benefitandindirectcost-benefit;(3)Tangiblecost-benefitandintangiblecost-benefit;(4)Intermediatecost-benefitandfinalcost-benefit;(5)Insidecost-benefitandoutsidecost-benefit.3.Evaluationcriterionsofsocialcost-benefitNet-benefitcriterion:convert

6、allthefutureyearlycostsofpublicexpenditureprogramstopresentvalues,andthencompareamongthenetbenefits.Criterionofinternalrateofreturn:thediscountratethatmakethepresentvaluesumoffutureyearlybenefitsequalthatoffutureyearlycosts.ThehighInternalrateofreturnin

7、dicatestheprogramcanbeputintoaction.Benefit-costratiocriterion:referstotheratioofthepresentvalueofbenefitstothatofcosts.【Haveathink】Whatimpactdotechnologicalprogresseshaveonthegrowthofpublicexpenditures?