《汉英翻译的标准》PPT课件.ppt

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1、第1章绪论1.3汉英翻译的标准1.4汉英翻译的过程1.5汉英翻译对译者素养的要求1.3汉英翻译的标准(criteria)1.3.CriteriafortranslationCriteriaoftranslationistheplumb-lineformeasuringthequalityofatranslationandthegoalforatranslatortostrivefor.1)Source-language–orientedprinciple(以译出语为取向的原则).Characteristics:payextremeattentiontoth

2、eformofthesourcetext,alwaysadoptsaword-for-word/line-for-linetranslationortransliteration.e.g.他是只纸老虎Heisapapertiger.这事让他丢脸Thismakeshimloseface.itrainscatsanddogs(?)theMilkyWay(?)theappleofone’seye(?)2)Target-language-orientedprinciple(以译入语为取向的原则)Liberal/freetranslation:e.g.:Whatis

3、doneisdone.木已成舟Kickingamanwhenheisdown.打落水狗/落井下石Literaltranslation:usinglargenumberofdomestication/adaptationforthereader’ssake.Thisisdoneatthecostofthelossordamageoftheoriginalimagesometimes.三个臭皮匠,合成一个诸葛亮Twoheadsarebetterthanone.3)Author-and–reader-orientedprinciple(以作者和读者为取向的原则)

4、Characteristics:takeboththeauthorandthereaderintoconsideration,andstrivetobefaithfulandsmoothatthesametime.18世纪英国爱丁堡大学教授，翻译理论家泰特勒(AlexanderF.Tytler)提出的三条翻译基本原理：1.Atranslationshouldgiveacompletetranscriptoftheideasoftheoriginalwork.2.Thestyleandmannerofwritingshouldbeofthesamechara

5、cterasthatoftheoriginal.3.Atranslationshouldhavealltheeaseoftheoriginalcomposition.玄奘:既须求真又须喻俗严复:(《天演论》卷首的《译例言》)“信、达、雅”(faithfulness,expressivenessandelegance)YanFu’s“faithfulness”meansthefullandcompleteconveyingortransmissionoftheoriginalcontentorthought.His“expressiveness”demand

6、sthattheversionmustbeclearandflowingwithoutanygrammaticalmistakesorconfusedlogicandsense.Sothefirsttwowordsastranslationcriteriaareacceptable.Buthis“elegance”isunadoptablebecauseitreferstotheuseofclassicalChinesebeforethatHanDynasty.YanFuheldthatonlythelanguagebeforetheHanDynastyc

7、ouldbeconsideredelegantandoldvocabulary,oldstructureofChinesemustbeusedinordertorepresenttheoriginalfullyandadequately.Thereforehecanbesaidtoobjecttotheuseofthevernacularorpopularlanguageofthepeople.Asamatteroffact,thevernacularbegantobeinfashionwhenYanFulived.Factsprovethevernacu

8、larorthepopularlanguageofthepeopl