能量代谢的原理.ppt

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1、PrinciplesofEnergyMetabolismBodyEnergyStoresofLean70-kgManAdiposetissuetriglyceride=120,000kcalMuscletriglyceride=3000kcalLivertriglyceride=450kcalLiverglycogen=400kcalMuscleglycogen=2500kcalObesityIsCausedbyLong-TermPositiveEnergyBalanceFatStoresComponentsofDailyEnergyExpenditureSegalKRetal.

2、AmJClinNutr.1984;40:995-1000.ThermiceffectoffeedingEnergyexpenditureofphysicalactivityRestingenergyexpenditureSedentaryPerson(1800kcal/d)PhysicallyActivePerson(2200kcal/d)8%17%75%8%60%32%RelationshipbetweenTissueEnergyExpenditureandMassREE=RestingenergyexpenditureEnergyExpenditure(%REE)Live

3、r,Brain,Kidneys,Gut,HeartTissueenergyexpenditureTissueweightWeight(%BodyWeight)806040200SkeletalMuscleAdiposeTissue,LeanPersonAdiposeTissue,ObesePersonRelationshipBetweenRestingEnergyExpenditureandFat-freeMassREE=RestingenergyexpenditureFat-FreeMass(kg)REE(kcal/24h)Owen.MayoClinProc19

4、88;63:503.309010004050607080LeanfemalesObesefemalesLeanmalesObesemalesEnergyMetabolisminLeanandObeseSubjectsEnergyExpenditure(k/cal/d)RestingEnergyExpenditure*P<0.05vsleansubjectsRavussinetal.AmJClinNutr1982;35:566.TotalEnergyExpenditureLean(BMI=21kg/m2)Obese(BMI=38kg/m2)**DiscrepancyBetweenR

5、eportedandActualEnergyIntakeandExpenditureKcal/dReported*P<0.05vsreported.Lichtmanetal.NEnglJMed1992;327:1893.EnergyIntakeActualReportedActualEnergyExpenditure**EnergyMetabolismBeforeandAfterWeightLossEnergyExpenditure(kcal/d)Before*P<0.05vsbeforeweightlossAmatrudaetal.J.ClinInvest1993;92:1236

6、.PredictedMeanBMIReducedfrom31to23kg/m2AfterBeforePredictedAfterRestingEnergyExpenditureTotalEnergyExpenditure****RegulationofFoodIntakeBrainNPYAGRPgalaninOrexin-AdynorphinStimulateα-MSHCRH/UCNGLP-ICARTNE5-HTInibitCentralSignalsGlucoseCCK,GLP-1,Apo-A-IVVagalafferentsInsulinGhrelinLeptinCortiso

7、lPeripheralsignalsPeripheralorgans++GastrointestinaltractAdiposetissueFoodIntakeAdrenalglandsExternalfactorsEmotionsFoodcharacteristicsLifestylebehaviorsEnvironmentalcuesLifetimeFoodIntake*kcalinmillionsWater45,300kgFat2300kg21kcal