高中英语语法定语从句总结.doc

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1、定语从句总结先行词为人时：关系代词从句中缺主语时，who；that；不能省略从句缺宾语，who;that;whom，可省略；（介词后只能跟whom）从句缺定语指代’s，whose先行词为物时：关系代词从句缺主语时，which；that；不能省略从句缺宾语时，which；that；可省略；（介词后只能跟which）从句缺定语指代’s，whose先行词为时间：从句缺时间状语时，关系副词when(也可prep+which)从句缺主语宾语时，which；that先行词为地点：从句缺地点状语时，关系副词where(也可prep+

2、which)从句缺主语宾语时，which；that先行词为reason：从句缺原因状语时，why/forwhich从句缺主语宾语时，which；that非限制性定语从句(带,的定语从句)1.Asweknow,smokingisharmfultoone'shealth.1.It rained hard yesterday,whichprevented me from going to the park．(which指代前面这个事)3.Hekeepsadiary,whicheverybodyknows.(which指代kn

3、ow的宾语)(1)as引导的定语从句可置于句首,which不可。(2)as常带有“正如”的意思Asweknow,smokingisharmfultoone'shealth.Asisknown,smokingisharmfultoone'shealth.Itisknownthatsmokingisharmful.(主语从句)(3)thesame…as；such…as中的as是固定结构,Ihavegotintothesametroubleashe(has).特别说明：1常考名词的定语从句：case，point，stage，

4、situation；定语从句中主语宾语齐全用where；定语从句中缺主语宾语用which或that2way做先行词，定语从句中的关系词用that;inwhich;不填3用逗号隔开，起补充说明作用的非限制限制性定语从句，无论先行词是什么，都不用that4众所周知：Asisknown(toall)，…Itisknown(toall)that5正如Aswasreported,(Itwasreportedthat)Aswasannounced,Aswasexpected,Asweplanned,Ascanbeseen,只能用t

5、hat,不能用which引导定语从句的情况a)不定代词，如：anything,nothing,everything,all,much,few,any,little等作先行词时Finally,thethiefhandedeverythingthathehadstolentothepolice.　b)theonly,thevery,thejust修饰先行词时Heistheverymanthathelpedthegirloutofthewater.c)先行词为序数词(thefirst,thelast)数词、形容词最高级时Th

6、efirstEnglishbookthatheHadreadwas"Gonewiththewind"d)先行词既有人，又有物时Hetalkedabouttheteachersandschoolsthathevisited.e)关系代词在从句中做表语Heisnotthemanthatheusedtobe.