材料科学与工程导论双语课件教学课件 作者 陈克正 王玮 刘春延 等编Chapter 3.ppt

《材料科学与工程导论双语课件教学课件 作者 陈克正 王玮 刘春延 等编Chapter 3.ppt》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。

1、INTRODUCTIONTOMATERIALSSCIENCEANDENGINEERINGQingdaoUniversityofScience&TechnologyKezhengChenWeiWangChuntingLiu国家级双语教学示范课程ISSUESTOADDRESS...•Whatarethebasicmicrostructuralfeatures?•CommonpolymermaterialsCHAPTER3POLYMERMATERIALS•Howtocalculatethemolecularweightofpolymers?•Crystallinityofpolymers•Ph

2、ysicalpropertiesofpolymers•Whatisapolymer?3.1PolymerStructures3.1.1IntroductionWhyshouldcarepolymers?•Ourbodyismadeofthem.DNA,thegeneticblueprintthatdefineshumanbeingsandotherlivingthings.Theproteinsandstarchesinthefoodsweeat.Theclotheswewear.Thetiresonourbikesandcars.3.1PolymerStructures3.1.2Fun

3、damentalConceptsWhatisapolymer?•WhatIsAPolymer?linktoformpolymerApolymermoleculeislikeanecklace:eachbeadisamer1,000to1,000,000merspermoleculechain•Polymer=Manymers•mer——Abasic/repeatunitmadeofC,H,O,Si……FundamentalConceptsCarbon(C)Hydrogen(H)Oxygen(O)Nitrogen(N)Fluorine(F)Silicon(Si)Sulfur(S)Chlor

4、ine(Cl)Mer——Basic/repeatunitofpolymersnonmetal3.1.3PolymerMolecules4Valenceelectrons:2s22p24CovalentBonds——shareupto4electrons,tetrahedralarrangementsaturated–allthebondsaresingleones(CH4)unsaturated–moleculeshavedoubleandtriplecovalentbonds(-CH=CH-,-CC-)IfCisunsaturated,anotheratomispossibletob

5、ecomeattached.3.1.3PolymerMoleculesBackbone/Mainchain(主链))n(R1R2R3R4R1R3Substituent(取代基)R2R4(astringofcarbonatoms)3.1.4Designation(命名)ofPolymersHomopolymer-----madeofonemonomertype···-A-A-A-A-A-A-A-···Designation:poly…(聚……)Copolymer-----madeof2ormoremonomertypesDesignation:…+…copolymer(……共聚物)4typ

6、esdependingonthearrangementofthemertypesGraftCopolymers接枝共聚物RandomCopolymers无规共聚物AlternatingCopolymers交替共聚物BlockCopolymers嵌段共聚物3.1.5CommonlyUsedPolymersPolyethylene(PE聚乙烯)NontoxicSmell-lessResistanttochemicalsPrimaryuse:packagingPlasticbags&plasticwrap(clingfilm)forfood-freshingShampoo/cosmetic/s

7、oftdrinkbottlesCCCCCCHHHHHHHHHHHHmerPolypropylene(PP聚丙烯)Tough,hardwearingPrimaryuse:packaging,container,textiles,polymerbanknotesCH3CCCCCCHHHHHHHHHCH3CH3mer3.1.5CommonlyUsedPolymersPolyvinylchloride(PVC聚氯乙烯)Primaryuse: