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1、Unit12InternationalBusinessOrganizationsCONTENTSTeachingAimsTextATextBSupplementaryReadingTEACHINGAIMSAfterstudyingthisunit,youarerequiredtoHaveageneralideaofthethreeInternationalBusinessOrganizations.KnowthehistoryandfunctionsoftheWTO,IMFandWorldBank.3.Masterthedifficultwordsandexpression
2、s.TextAWorldTradeOrganizationQUESTIONSDoyouknowtheWTO?HowwastheWTOfound?WhatarethefunctionsoftheWTO?TEXTAPreviewTheWorldTradeOrganization(WTO)isanorganizationthatintendstosuperviseandliberalizeinternationaltrade.TheorganizationofficiallycommencedonJanuary1,1995undertheMarrakechAgreement,re
3、placingtheGeneralAgreementonTariffsandTrade(GATT),whichcommencedin1948.Theorganizationdealswithregulationoftradebetweenparticipatingcountries;itprovidesaframeworkfornegotiatingandformalizingtradeagreements,andadisputeresolutionprocessaimedatenforcingparticipants'adherencetoWTOagreementswhi
4、charesignedbyrepresentativesofmembergovernmentsandratifiedbytheirparliaments.MostoftheissuesthattheWTOfocusesonderivefromprevioustradenegotiations,especiallyfromtheUruguayRound(1986-1994).TEXTAPreviewTEXTAReadingComprehensionReadthefollowingsentencesanddecidewhethertheyaretrue(T)orfalse(F)
5、.1.TheWorldTradeOrganization(WTO)isanorganizationthatintendstosuperviseandliberalizeinternationaltrade.()T2.TheWTOhas153members,representingmorethan87%oftotalworldtradeand30observers,mostseekingmembership.()3.TheWTOestablishesaframeworkfortradepolicies;itdefineorspecifyoutcomes.()TEXTARead
6、ingComprehensionFF4.ThetariffcommitmentsmadebyWTOmembersinamultilateraltradenegotiationandonaccessionareenumeratedinaschedule(list)ofconcessions.()5.Ifsatisfactionisobtained,thecomplainingcountrymayinvoketheWTOdisputesettlementprocedures.()TEXTAReadingComprehensionTFTEXTANotes1.MarrakechAg
7、reement:TheMarrakechAgreementwasanagreementsignedinMarrakech,Morocco,in1994.TheagreementestablishedtheWorldTradeOrganization,whichcameintobeinguponitsentryintoforceonJanuary1,1995.TEXTANotes2.GeneralAgreementonTariffsandTrade(GATT):TheGeneralAgreementonTariffs
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