基于HSK动态作文语料库结构助词得的偏误分析.pdf

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1、摘要汉语的结构助词“得”在留学生的学习、交际中出现的频率非常高，其相关的语法知识却相当复杂，尤其是“得”所组成的补语结构，留学生在运用过程中常常会发生偏误。结构助词“得”的学习已经成为留学生学习的难点之一。通过对北京语言大学HSK动态作文语料库的进行检索，留学生有关结构助词“得”的偏误语料有542条，实际上语料库中相关的“得”的语料有682条，但属于结构助词这一词性只有542条，因此本文剔除其他词性针对这542条助词“得”的语料进行了分析。其中这些偏误主要包括误用、误加及漏用三种类型。产生这三种偏误的原因主要有学习者自身情况的影响、教师的教学活动安排问题、教材编写安排的影响三方面。

2、针对留学生学习使用“得”的偏误及其原因对外汉语课堂教学可采取相应的教学策略：引导留学生端正学习态度，收集相关偏误语料进行有针对性的练习，按难度等级安排学习与“得”相关知识，在教材编写上也要考虑到“得”有关知识的梯度安排，便于课堂教学和学生自学。关键词：HSK动态作文语料库；结构助词“得”；偏误分析；教学建议IIAbstractStructureofChineseParticle"de"instudentlearning,thefrequencyofcommunicationappearveryhigh,Therelevantgrammaticalknowledgeisquiteco

3、mplex,especiallythe"de"thecompositionofthecomplementstructure,Internationalstudentsoftenusetheprocessoferror.Structuralparticle"de"hasbecomeoneofthedifficultiesoflearningstudentslearn.ThroughtheretrievalofHSKdynamiccompositioncorpusofBeijingLanguageandCultureUniversity,Thereare542errorsinthest

4、ructureofthestudents,Theseerrorsmainlyincludemisuse,misuseandleakageofthreetypes.Thereasonsforthesethreekindsoferrorsaremainlytheinfluenceoflearners'ownsituation,thearrangementofteachers'teachingactivitiesandtheinfluenceofteachingmaterials.Forstudentslearningtouse"de"ErrorsandCausesForeignLang

5、uageClassroomTeachingcantaketheappropriateteachingstrategies:Guidestudentscorrectattitudetowardslearning,Tocollectrelevanterrorscorpusfortargetedexercises,Arrangementaccordingtothedifficultyleveloflearningand"de"knowledge,inthepreparationofteachingmaterialsshouldalsotakeintoaccountthe"de"thekn

6、owledgeofthegradientarrangement,easytoclassroomteachingandstudentself-study.Keywords:HSKDynamicCompositionCorpus;TheStructuralParticle"de";ErrorAnalysis;TeachingSuggestionsIII目录摘要...................................................................................................................

7、..............................IIAbstract................................................................................................................................................III目录...............................................