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1、EnglishStylisticsChapter8TheEnglishofPublicSpeechContents8.1ScopeofPublicSpeech8.2ASampleTextforAnalysis8.3GeneralFeaturesofPublicSpeech8.4StylisticFeaturesofPublicSpeech8.1ScopeofPublicSpeechPublicspeechcoversafairlylargerange.Sofarasthefieldisconcerned,1)th
2、erearespeecheslikethebusinessmanagerexplainingnextyear’sbudget,theteacherlecturinginaclassroom;2)therearespeechesonquestionsoffact,valueandpolicy;3)therearespeechesonspecialoccasions:speechesofintroduction,ofpresentationetc.Sofarasthefunctionaltenorisconcerne
3、d,thereareinformativespeecheslike1);therearepersuasivespeecheslike2);andemotivespeecheslike3).Sofarasthepersonaltenorisconcerned,the1)kindofspeechescanbeformalorlessformalorinformal;the2)kindismostlyformal,andthe3)kindvariesindegreeofformality.8.1ScopeofPubli
4、cSpeechSofarasthemodeisconcerned,thereareimpromptuspeeches(speechesmadeonthespot),extemporaneousspeeches(speecheswithasetofbriefnotesoranoutlinetojogthememory),speechesfromreciting,andspeechesfromamanuscript;butmanyofthespeechesarewrittentobespokenbeforeanaud
5、ience.8.1ScopeofPublicSpeech8.1ScopeofPublicSpeechOfallaspectsofpublicspeaking,persuasionisthemostcomplexanddifficult.Itsjobistochangetheaudience’s.Itsgoalmaybetodefend,torefute,tosell,ortoinspire.Soundertheheadingofpublicspeech,weshallmainlydiscusspersuasive
6、speeches.8.2ASampleTextforAnalysisWinstonChurchillonMay13,1940intheHouseofCommons8.3GeneralFeaturesofPublicSpeechMostpersuasivespeechesarethespeakingofwhatiswrittentobespokentoanaudience,usuallyonaformaloccasion.Sotheypresentfeaturesofformalwrittenlanguagewhi
7、leexhibitingcharacteristicsofthespoken.8.3GeneralFeaturesofPublicSpeechPublicspeechesaresimilartodailyconversation.Theaddresserhastotailorhis/hermessagetotheaddresseeandadapttotheaddressee’sfeedback,andbothpublicspeechesanddailyconversationmakefulluseofprosod
8、icandparalinguisticfeaturesforexpression.PublicspeakingisalsodifferentfromdailyconversationItconcentratesononetopicwithhighlystructuredformatandmoreformallanguage,andmakesamoreeffectivewa
