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1、Directspeech直接引语和间接引语&indirectspeech1.“Whosebookisit?”heasked.Heaskedwhosebookitwas.“Whosebookareyoureading?”Jimaskedher.Jimaskedherwhosebookshewasreading.Heasked,“Whereareyougoing?”Heasked(us)whereweweregoing.Sheasked,“Whoisinchargehere?”Sheasked(me)whow
2、asinchargethere.Heasked,“Whichfirmmakestheseparts?”Heasked(me)whichfirmmakes/madethoseparts.Hesaid,“Wherehaveyoubeen?”HeaskedmewhereIhadbeen.Heasked,“Howareyougettingalong?”Heaskedushowweweregettingalong.2.“HaveyoubeentotheUSA?”JimaskedTom.JimaskedTomwhet
3、her/ifhehadbeentotheUSA.Heaskedme,“Doyouplaychess?”Heaskedmeif/whetherIplayedchess.Sheasked,“Didyougohome?”SheaskedmeifIhadgonehome.“Isthisroomyoursorhis?”Heaskedmewhetherthisroomwasmineorhis.引述一般疑问句或附加疑问句时,通常用whether或if引导,而引述选择疑问句时,通常只用whether引导。“Letmehe
4、lp!”A:…?C:Heaskedyou….B:….C:Hesaid/toldyouthat….直接引语(变化前)间接引语(变化后)陈述句Janesaid,“I’mveryfondoftraveling.”that引导的宾语从句Janesaidthatshewasveryfondoftraveling.直接引语(变化前)间接引语(变化后)一般疑问句“Isthisyourumbrella,Mary?”askedJohn.whether/if引导的宾语从句JohnaskedMaryifthatwasherum
5、brella.直接引语(变化前)间接引语(变化后)特殊疑问句“Mary,whenwillyoureturnmethebook?”askedJohn.wh-词引导的宾语从句JohnaskedMarywhenshewouldreturnhimthebook.直接引语(变化前)间接引语(变化后)祈使句Theofficersaidtohim,“Don’tleaveyourpost.”不定式Theofficerorderedhimnottoleavehispost.直接引语(变化前)间接引语(变化后)Let’s开头
6、的祈使句Isaidtohim,“Let’sstartatonce.”that引导的宾语从句Isuggestedtohimthatwe(should)startatonce.直接引语(变化前)间接引语(变化后)感叹句Hesaid:“HowhappyIam!”that/what/how引导的宾语从句Hesaidthathewasveryhappy.Hesaidhowhappyhewas.由直接引语转变为间接引语,有时会引时态的变化,注意以下几个方面直接引语(变化前)间接引语(变化后)主句动词为一般现在时或现在
7、完成时Sheoftensays,“Allmenandwomenareequalunderthelaw.”从句动词时态不变Sheoftensaysthatallmenandwomenareequalunderthelaw.直接引语(变化前)间接引语(变化后)主句动词为一般过去时引导动词为:从句动词时态相应变化从句动词变为:一般现在时“Iknowit,”hesaid.一般过去时Hesaidthatheknewit.直接引语(变化前)间接引语(变化后)主句动词为一般过去时引导动词为:从句动词时态相应变化从句动词
8、变为:现在进行时“I’mmakingcoffeeforyouall,”shesaid.过去进行时Shesaidshewasmakingcoffeeforusall.直接引语(变化前)间接引语(变化后)主句动词为一般过去时引导动词为:从句动词时态相应变化从句动词变为:现在完成时“Ihaveseenherbefore,”saidhe.过去完成时Hesaidhehadseenherbefore.直接引语(变化前)间接引语(变化后)主
