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时间:2020-01-11
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1、LearningStrategies学科英语熊凤凤张涵ContentsDefinitionoflearningstrategiesClassificationoflearningstrategiesGoodlanguagelearnerstudiesFactorsinfluencingchoiceoflearningstrategiesTherelationshipbetweenlearningstrategiesandlanguagelearningLearnertrainingFinalcommentDefinition"behaviorsoractionswhic
2、hlearnersusetomakelanguagelearningmoresuccessful,self-directedandenjoyable"(Oxford1989)"thebehaviorsandtechniqueslearnersadoptintheireffortstolearninasecondlanguage."(MurielSaville-Troike2008)......Characteristicsreferringtogeneralapproachesandspecificactionsorteniquesbeingproblem-orient
3、atedinvolvinglinguisticbehavior(e.g.requestingthenameofanobject)andnon-linguisticone(e.g.pointingatanobjectsoastobetolditsname)usingitbothinL1andL2learnersareawareofandidentifythestrategiessomebehavioral(observable),somementalSomecommonterminologyTarone1980productionstrategy:"anattemptto
4、useone'slinguisticsystemefficientlyandclearly,withaminimumofeffort"communicationstrategy:attemptstodealwithproblemsofcommunicationthathavearisenininteraction.languagelearningstrategy:"anattempttodeveloplinguisticandsociolinguisticcompetence"Somecommonterminologylanguagelearningstrategies
5、:attemptstomasternewlinguisticandsociolinguisticinformationaboutTLskilllearningstrategies:attemptstobecomeskilledpersonSomecommonterminologyStern1983strategies:generalandmoreorlessdeliberateapproachestolearningtechniques:observableformsoflanguagelearningbehaviorevidentinparticularareasof
6、learningSeliger1984strategies:"basicabstractcategoriesofprocessing"tactics:variableandidiosyncraticlearningactivitiesClassificationO'MalleyandChamot(1990)Metacognitive:involvingattemptstoregulatelearningthroughplanning,monitoringandevaluating(e.g.previewingconceptsdecidinginadvancetoatte
7、ndspecificaspectsofinput)Cognitive:involvinganalysis,transformation,orsynthesisoflearningmaterials(e.g.predictinginferring)Socio-affective:concerningwaysinwhichlearnerinteractwithothers(e.g.seekingopportunitiestointeractwithnativespeakers)ClassificationOxford19901.Directm
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