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1、浙江大学远程教育学院《英语写作》课程作业答案（必做）Chapter2Diction(措词)1.Listthreelevelsofwordsandgiveseveralexamplesforeachlevel.Formalwords:accommodation,approximately,commence,…Commonwords:room,abut,start,…Colloquialwords:Thereain'tnothin'wrongwithme.(isn'tanything)Heyareyougonnamoveorwhat?(goingt
2、o)2.Whatarethedenotationandconnotationofaword?Denotation:whatawordstandsforwithoutanyemotionalassociationsConnotation:theemotional,social,andpoliticalassociationsawordhasinadditiontoitsdenotativemeaning3.Fillineachblankwithoneofthefollowingwords:kill,assassinate,execute,mass
3、acre,slaughter,murder1)Twopeoplewerekilledinacaraccident.2）MartinLutherKingwasassassinatedbyawhitepeople.3）Heislikelytobeexecutedasamurdererthisyear.4）Theycruellyslaughtered/massacredallthepeopleinthevillage.5）Accordingtothepolice,hemurderedhisrivalincoldblood.4.Listatleast9
4、typesoffiguresofspeechandgiveanexampleforeach.1)SimileItisacomparisonbetweentwodistinctlydifferentthingsandthecomparisonisindicatedbythewordasorlike.e.g.Herfaceislikearedapple.2)MetaphorItisanimpliedcomparisonbetweentwodistinctlydifferentthingsandthecomparisonisNOTindicatedb
5、ythewordasorlike.e.g.Mylifeisonelongcurve,fullofturningpoints.3)PersonificationItistotreatathingoranideaasifitwerehumanorhadhumanqualities.e.g.Thistimefatewassmilingtohim.4)MetonymyItissubstitutingthenameofonethingforthatofanother,withwhichitiscloselyassociated.e.g.Haveyouev
6、erreadShakespeare?5)SynecdocheWhenapartissubstitutedforthewholeorthewholeissubstitutedforapart,synecdocheisapplied.e.g.Thefarmswereshortofhandsduringtheharvestseason.6)Overstatement(hyperbole)andunderstatementOverstatementisanintentionalexaggerationforemphasis.Understatement
7、intentionallydownplaystheseriousnessofasituationorsentimentbysayinglessthatisreallymeant.e.g.Sheisdyingtoknowwhatjobhasbeenassignedher.Ittookafewdollarstobuildthisindoorswimmingpool.7)TransferredepithetAnepithetisanadjectiveordescriptivephrasethatservestocharacterizesomebody
8、orsomething.Atransferredepithetisonethatisshiftedfromthenounitlogicallymodi
