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1、儿童头颈部深度烧伤临床治疗作者:任少强,薛忠信,赵遵江,张保德,章荣涛,刘勇【摘要】目的探讨儿童头颈部深度烧伤的治疗方法和疗效。方法创面采用暴露疗法。头皮III度创面去痂后行局部皮瓣转移修复或行游离皮片移植。伤后3周,颜面部创面剥痂削痂或刮除肉芽组织后分区行自体中厚皮移植术,颈部1H度同样移植自体中厚皮。创面愈合后行康复治疗。结果所有皮片移植手术均获得成功。颜面部外观丰满、皮肤富有弹性,缝接处有增生性瘢痕,全颜面深度烧伤者有不同程度的眼睑外翻、小口畸形、鼻翼畸形等。颜面部自愈创面压迫治疗区域瘢痕增生轻微。颈部深II度创面后有不同程度瘢
2、痕增生;植皮区无明显瘢痕增生,活动自如。结论儿童头颈部的深度烧伤创面移植中厚皮可获得较为满意的疗效,创面愈合后康复治疗同样至关重要,遗留的畸形或功能障碍可行整形手术解决。【关键词】烧伤;植皮;康复;整形手术[Abstract】ObjectiveToinvestigatethemethodandtheeffectofthechildren^sdeepheadneckburns.MethodsVariouswoundsweremanagedbyexpositiori.Thethirddegreewoundsonthescalpswerer
3、ecoveredbylocalskinflapstransplantationorautoskingra.ftingafterescharhadbeenremoved;At3postburnweeks,thethirddegreewoundsonthefacesandtheneckswererecoveredbysplitthicknessautoskininseparateregionsafterescharpeeling,tangentialexcisionandgranulationtissuesscalinghadbeenpe
4、rformed,thenrehabilitativetreatmentforpostburnscarwereapplied.ResultsAlloperationsofautoskingraftingweresuccessful.Thefacialappearanceofthepatientswasplump,andthefacialskinofthepatientswaselastic,hypertrophicscarwasleftontheconjunctionsofgraftedskin,thereweredifferentde
5、greeofmicrostomia,eyelidectropion,nosedeformityetc.Thefacialareasofselfrepairinghadonlyslightscarafterthesepatientsweregivenpressuretreated.ThereweremildtomoderatehypertrophicscaronthenecksafterthepatientswithdeepIIdegreewoundshadhealed,butnoobvioushypertrophicscarwasob
6、servedonthenecksofthethepatientswhohadbeenappliedautografting,thepatientsmadefreewiththeirmovementofthenecks.ConclusionSplitthicknessskingraftingcangivesatisfyingresuItsforthechildren,sdeepheadneckburns,meanwhile,rehabilitationisalsovitaltotreatment,plasticoperationcanb
7、eusedtosolvetheproblemofdeformityanddysfunction.【Keywords]burns;skingrafting;rehabilitation;plasticoperation儿童烧伤,尤其是小儿烧伤十分常见。由于头颈部位置暴露,烧伤事件很容易发生。我院自2004年1月〜2009年1月,收治头颈部深度烧伤患儿47例,死亡2例,其余全部治愈,现将治疗情况报告如下:1临床资料本组患儿男35例,女12例,年龄在2〜14岁。入院时间为伤后30min〜7h.致伤原因:热液烫伤15例,火焰烧伤29例,其他原
8、因烧伤3例。烧伤面积3%〜62%TBSA,头面颈烧伤面积3%〜19%TBSA(其中III度烧伤面积1%〜13%TBSA)O单纯头面部深度烧伤者31例(其中全颜面深度者6例),面颈部均有深度烧伤者16例(其中颈部III度者